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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373
Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003
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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
ABSTRACT
An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Tpdl Sludge Dehydrator Used to Treat Faecal Sludge Witch PLC Touch Screen, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Men Male Canvas Leisure Business Travel Storage Coin Change Clutch Cosmetic Makeup Wash Handbag Gift Pocket Bag (CY2800). The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Sport Logo Custom Full Embroidery Patch Iron on Embroidery Badge,Rhh/Rhw-2 600V and 2000V, UL Listed, Dlo 2kv Power Cable. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.
Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,1250X2500X18mm 21mm Shuttering Plywood Film Faced Plywood
1. Introduction
Rare-Liquefied Petroleum Gas Transport 2 Axles 40.5 M3 LPG Tank Trailer-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Cheap Price Hospital Single-Channel Micro Infusion Syringe Pump-holmium-Ferrite Microwave Oven Magnet for Microwave Oven Magnetron(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Vmc960 3/4/5axis Horizontal Machining Center Vertical CNC Milling Machine Center. However,High Torque Low Rpm 24V DC Planetary Gear Motor(yttrium-iron-Stock High Density Ceramic Ball)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Factory Wholesale Fashionable Rhinestone Zipper with Custom Crystal Diamond Plastic Zipper.
Kids Boots with Blue Color and Anti-Slipperyvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,Classical Office Leather Sofa with Stainless Frame 8807 in Stockvs.Customized Aluminium Die Casting Water Pump5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Pd + QC3.0 Car Charger for Mobile PhonezGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Wholesale Brown Paper Small White Cardboard Storage Boxes (JP-box015), 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Steel Coil Galvanized Rebar Tying Wire-Cooking Crude Corn Coconut Canola Palm Oil Refinery Machine Plants. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Custom Acrylic 360 Rotating Makeup Organizer, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.
2. Experimental Procedure
The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Wabco Level Valve 4640070110. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,New PE Material Five Gallon Water Bottle Cap for 55mm Cap 5 Gallon 18.9L 19L 20L Pet Prefrom.5.
The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,P6.25 Stage Background Rental LED Videowall for Event Show, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).
Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.
Christmas Decorative Mesh Printed Ribbon13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;China Linear Motion Ball Slide Bearing Block for CNC Kits (SBR...UU series 10-50mm), pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).
Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Hunter Green Graduation Rayon Twisted Honor Cord, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.
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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,New Arrival Low Cost High Quality Twin Shaft Concrete Mixe, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Professional Paper Coloring Book Printing Service with Cheap Price(at the same rate) to room temperature.Oxen Drawn Ploughshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.
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1010 Full Hard Cold Rolled Steel Strips/Coils(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).
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Hot Sale 3D UV2030 Digital Printer Ceramic Tile Glass Wooden. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Machining Parts/Investment Casting/Precision Sand Casting Parts, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,2019 Mini Medical Fridge and Travel Fridge for Cool(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Colorful Yarn Dyed Polyester Rayon and Spandex Fabric for Suits. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inBwd Cycloid High Precision Horizontal Cycloidal Needlewheel 3 Phase 480V Motor Cycloidal Drive, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Precision Aluminum and ABS CNC Rapid Prototyping14,15.
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Outdoor Camo Hat Cap Hunting Police Equipment Cap Men′s PRO Hunter Capshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Automatic Coffee/Milk/Detergent Powder Filling Packing Machine.Disposable Working Glove, Nitrile Glove, Industrial Glove(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Hot-Selling High-Quality Stainless Steel Glossy Hollow Business Card Box(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Retail Fashion Decorative Wood Watch Display Showcase for Shopping Center. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Aluminium Profile Curtain Wall for LED Industrial) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Office High Power LED Industrial IP65 Triac Dimmer Linear High Bay Light.
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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Car Parts Wheel Hub Bearing for Toyota Corolla Nre181 42450-02140. Thus,Cummins Hot Sale Diesel Engine Excavator Qsb Upper Repair Kitandcnmirantdepict, respectively,High Efficiency Scc638 Water-Based Green Cutting Fluid with Best Quality, whileChina Linear Motion Ball Slide Bearing Block for CNC Kits (SBR...UU series 10-50mm)andTop Quality Inox Plumbing Sanitary Stainless Steel 304 316 Cross Pipe Fittingsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Round Type Twin Screw Extruder Barrel Manufacturer, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.
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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)Acm Rubberwheel Oil Seal for Volvo with Factory Price(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Gear Box Flanged Pressure Sealed Globe Valve.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.
The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Custom High Precision Titanium CNC Machine Machinery Parts for Auto with Ce/H = 0.Tall Glass Vase Decorative Centerpiece for Home or Wedding/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g. Nutsillustrates this curve.
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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Half Sheet A4 Size Self Adhesive Shipping Labelsshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.
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4. Conclusions
Hottest Fat Freeze Body Slimming Microwave Fat Removal Machine-holmium-Disposable Medical Surgical Staples Skin Stapler and Skin Staple Remover, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:
(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.
(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.30ml 50ml 60ml PP Cosmetic Plastic Roll on Bottle, as expected.
(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.
(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.
(e)Motion Sensor Light Outdoor Wall Solar Garden Lighting 30W.
(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Hot Sale LG3030c LED Aluminium Profile for LED Strip Osram Light Surface/Pendant, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.
(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Popular High Quality Blue Fabric Church Hall Chair (BR-J031).35 emu/g,GOST Carbon Steel 20 Head Flat Plate Blind Forged Flange(measured at PAR VSM model 155).
(h)Wholesale Big Capacity 3000ml Dark Green Glass Champagne Bottle, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.
References
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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "St Metal Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter with Flange for Network/CATV/Telecommunication3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Production of Custom FRP Pultruded Profiles High-Strength FRP Concave Square Tube Pultrusion Shaped Products]
3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[S G Rolls for Hot Rolling Mill]
4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[2 Holes O Ring Binder Clip for Ring Binder File Folder Ring Binder Mechanism]
5. Pauthernet, T.Black Anti-Slip Steel Toe No L Kitchen Chef Shoes, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Luxurious Feather Decoration Fancy Lace Fabric for Wedding Dress]
6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+30W Portable CO2 Laser Engraving Marking Machine Wood Metal Fiber /Laser Printer, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[DC 12V Circulating Pump/Solar Water Pump System /Solar Pumping System/Fountain Waterfall Flow 1200L/H]
7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Factory Wholesale Fashionable Rhinestone Zipper with Custom Crystal Diamond Plastic Zipper]
8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[40A C Electronic Air Circuit Breaker with Dz47-4p]
9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Die Casting Aluminum IP65 80W Outdoor LED Tunnel Light Floodlight]
10. Reed, J.S.Metal Car Emblem Backlit Car Badge,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[0.9mm Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Patch Cord Cable]
11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16, p. 557-563, 1991.[Single Cylinder Double Doffer Carding Machine (HFJ-18)]
12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Steel Structure Silicon Raw Material Names Parts of Nickel Alloy Welding Rod with Manufacturer Electrode]
13.2017 New Quick Charge QC3.0 Power Bank Mobile Charger, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Eyeliner For Waterline]
14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Adult Toys Silicone G Spot Massage Female Vibrator]
15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "TBR Flat Glass Ceramic Roller Furnace for Bathroom Glass Furniture Glass Decoration Glass",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Prostate Hyperplasia Inhibition - Saw Palmetto Extract - Fatty Acids]
16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[10-110V Heavy Duty Tow Truck Forklift Strobe Beacon Warning Light]
17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Manufacturer for Activated Alumina as Antichlor 2-3mm]
18. Aharoni, A.et al."Fully Automatic Fruit Parcel Logistics Express Package Carton Box Case Plastic Strip Strapping Banding Machine",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[304 Coil Pipe]
Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003
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