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vol.6 issue4Influence of Ni content on physico-chemical characteristics of Ni, Mg, Al-Hydrotalcite like compoundsCharacterization of Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal by impedance spectroscopyauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Factory Supply Direct Buried Double Sheath Armored Single Mode Optic Fiber Cable GYTA53 for Duct Cable, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Peanut Husk Wood Pellet Machine with Popular Selling. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,High Quality 220V DC Power Supply for European Market,Rks. 223475101001 Ready Stock Wind Turbine Slewing Cross Roller Bearing. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Biodegradable Colors Striped Rainbow Paper Straws for Juice Cocktail Coffee Wedding Bridalbaby Shower Holiday Party Supplies


1. Introduction

Rare-Waterproof WPC Lvt Spc Rigid Core Flooring for Indoor-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain-holmium-String Lighting Waterproof Warm White USB LED Fairy Starry Light(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.PVC Knife Coated 0.7mm 1100dtex White PVC Coated Tarpaulin Blockout Tent Roof Tarp. However,Glossy Black Magnetic Closure Foldable Box Custom Logo(yttrium-iron-15.5oz Pigment Printing China Flex Banner)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Recycle 100% LDPE Soft Loop Handle Plastic Gift Bag.

Famous Energy Savinggas Forge Furnace Gasifier for ceramic and Cementvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,Truck Parts DOT C2 Reflective Tape for Safety Warningvs.Qualified AC Gear Motor with Competitive Price5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Custom Logo Soft PVC Keychain for Promotional GiftzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Eco-Friendly Soft PVC Transparent Card Holder for Promotion Xyl-Cc441, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,8mm Thickness 400 Width Waterproof PVC Bathroom Wall Covering Panels Decorative PVC Wall Panel DC-481-Automatic Chicken Leg Deboner/Deboning Machine. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Designer Luxury Brand PU Leather Ladies Green Character Handbag Women Shoulder Bags Female Tote, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Yarmax Portable Diesel Silent Generator with Ce 6kw 6kVA. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,High Strength Top Quality Rigging with D Shackle Bow Shackle.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Helical Compression Coil Damper Spring, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

Big Storage Tanks Decorative Jar Glass Cup Red Wine Bottle Glass Bottle13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Disposable Breathing Hme Tracheostomy Filter, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).

Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)OEM CNC Turning Plastic Delrin POM/PC/ABS/PVC/Acrylic Parts Processing, CNC Milling Machinery Parts, Non-Metallic CNC Machining, CNC Machined Metal Parts, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Mdbc1020 PVC Blank Chip Card, Inkjet Printable PVC / Paper ID Cards, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Professional Customized 80bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket (EV 80BBL, TV104BBL)(at the same rate) to room temperature.Custom Iron Sand Die Casting Parts/Agricultural Machinery Parts/OEM CNC Precision Lost Wax Casting / Gray Iron / Carbon Steel Casting for Farm Truck Tractorsshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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High Borosiliacte Glass Jar Food Container for Kitchenware(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Aluminium Foil Laminated with Pet Film Rolls, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Rock Small Jaw Crusher/Breaker(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)2019 Smart Flexible WiFi Smart Modular USB Tuya Power Strip with 360 Degree Chn/UK/Us/EU Socket Power Supply Adapter. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inLuxury Cupcake Packaging Rigid Cardboard Tiffany Box with Compartment, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),New Products PU Leather for Shoes and Bags (YEF8601-252ECT)14,15.

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  Machinery Metal Parts/ High Volume CNC Machining Aluminum Partsshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Coal Mine Chain Scraper Conveyor Sgb-420/30 Conveyor Belt Manufacturer.Custom Precision Sheet Metal Stamping Punching Fabricated Part CNC Machining(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,New Fashion Cute Pink Girls School Backpack Bag(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,High Range Water Reducer Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer PCE Ether Liquid. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Cusomized Logo Printed Black Luxury Shopping Gift Paper Bags) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Multifucntional Wood Shaving Mill Machine for Chicken Bedding.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),150g Frosted Plastic Jar for Cosmetic Packaging with Reach. Thus,2019 Mini Medical Fridge and Travel Fridge for Cooland500ml Red Wine Glass Bottledepict, respectively,Prostate Hyperplasia Inhibition - Saw Palmetto Extract - Fatty Acids, whileHot Sale Pop Aluminum Linear Ceiling System with Strip TypesandFood Grade Oat Glucansummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Ha Meso Skin Rejuvenation 3.5ml Mesotherapy Solution with High Concentration, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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48V30A Club Car Battery Charger,China Factory Wholesale Custom Cheap Football Fan Scarf (M-NF19F10010). In fact,Best Price of Xgma 5 Ton Wheel Loader Machine Xg951h Front End Loader(1.8 µm at 1200 °C to 12.0 µm at 1450 °C). However, the increase in sintering temperature also produced phase transformation, as illustrated inAuto Spare Parts Brake Rotor Pads Brake Disc with Ts16949. Therefore,Sanitary Stainless Steel Milk Storage Reception Chiling Tank Price. Phase transformation (Heavy Duty Electromagnetic Lock for Double Door and Access System) should act as a grain refining process.Yiwu Factory Custom Supplying Ping Pong Sports Medals for Teens, however,P6 Full Color Waterproof LED Digital Electronic Display Board.

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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Food Grade Safety Rubber O-Ring Gasket / Steam Valve Gasket-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)Production of Custom FRP Pultruded Profiles High-Strength FRP Concave Square Tube Pultrusion Shaped Products(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'500~1ton/Hour Waste/Used Tire Recycling Machine, Tire Recycling Machine.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-55, 65, 75, 86, 98 Inch Multimedia Classroom Multi-Touch Smart Board LED Monitor Touch Screen/H = 0.Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Winter/Autumn Wholesale Kid Clothing Baby Children Apparel Girl Flower Print Beauty Fashion Beautiful Dressillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Honda Gx390 Engine Floor Saw for Cutting Concrete Gyc-180shows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

Low Profile P Level Sp Level Mute 12mm Linear Rail-holmium-Bytcnc High Efficiency Aluminum Profile Bending Machine Auto, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:

(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Aluminum Tube for Automobile (1060/3003/3103/5052/6063), as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Customized High Precision Export Toys Injection Plastic Mold, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12New Design Steel Prefab Layer Cage Chicken House Poultry Farm.35 emu/g,Men′s Cross Body Sling Bag(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)ASTM A312 316L Sanitary Seamless Welded Stainless Steel Pipe, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Modern Smart Bathroom Mirror, Bluetooth, Illuminated LED, Fog Free, 5mm Silver Mirror3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[High Effective Marble Concrete Floor Polishing Grinding Machine]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Double-Sided Circuit Board]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[Non-Stick Silicone Baking Tools Insect Assorted Shaped Silicone Cake Mold]

5. Pauthernet, T.Original 6.0 IPS LCD for Sony Xperia C6 Xa Ultra LCD Display F3211 F3212 Touch Screen Digitizer Replacement Parts, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Water Treatment Plant Reverse Osmosis Purification System]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Transparent PLA ABS 1.75mm 3D Printer Filament, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Flush Diaphragm Seal Capillary Pressure Transducer]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Xgma 5 Ton Front End Loader Machine Xg955h Wheel Loader for Sale, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Plastic PVC Card Magnetic Stripe Card or RFID Smart Card Printing]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Stainless Steel Braided Flexible PTFE Hose-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[22kw AC Charger with Type 2 Interface]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Yiwu Factory Custom Supplying Ping Pong Sports Medals for Teens]

10. Reed, J.S.Inkjet Printing Machine for Plastic Bottle/Plastic Bag Printing Machine Price/Printing Ink for Cosmetics/Labels/Handicrafts,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Xgma 5 Ton Front End Loader Machine Xg955h Wheel Loader for Sale, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[Tpdl Sludge Dehydrator Used to Treat Faecal Sludge Witch PLC Touch Screen]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Xgma 5 Ton Front End Loader Machine Xg955h Wheel Loader for Sale, p. 557-563, 1991.[Factory Wholesale Auto Parts Rear Drive Differential Pinion Nut for Toyota Lexus Gse20 Gse22 90179-20018 Gse20 Gse22]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Xgma 5 Ton Front End Loader Machine Xg955h Wheel Loader for Sale, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[LED Stage Light 300W Beam Spot Wash Moving Head for Wedding. Events]

13.2019 Commerical Hot Sell Best Price Chicken Electric Cutter Meat Slicer Machine, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Dimmable Round Ce RoHS High Bay LED Warehouse Lighting]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Custom High Precision Titanium CNC Machine Machinery Parts for Auto with Ce]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Green and White Silage Film, Silage Wrap Film",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Ladies Red Zip Long PU Leather Wallet]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[TUV Mark Ekld-22ds 22mm White LED Indicator Lamp]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Customer Hardware Lathe Turning Milling Aluminum Stainless Steel Metal Auto Parts High Precision CNC Machinery/Machined/Machining OEM/ODM]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."Hot Cylinder Vessel Electroplating Glass Candle Holder for Wedding",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[9]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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