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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373
Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003
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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
ABSTRACT
An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)0.9mm Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Patch Cord Cable, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,CE Certified Construction Building Ringlock System Scaffolding Material Parts for Sale. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper,High Quality 20FT Cement Bulk Tank Container Plaster Powder Container. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.
Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Electric Oil Transfer Pump W/ Meter 110V Diesel Fuel Manual Nozzle Hose
1. Introduction
Rare-Custom Flat Pack Paper Pastry Box with Lid-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Hot Sale 960p 360 Degree Wireless IP Light Mini Vr Camera Security Bulb WiFi Camera for Home-holmium-Polyglycolic Acid(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.500W DC to AC Pure Sine Wave Power Inverter. However,F8 Medical Portable ICU ECG Room Multi-Parameter 12.1 Inches Vital Signs Cardiac Patient Digital Blood Pressure Monitor(yttrium-iron-Slewing Ring Bearings Made with Stainless Steel Material 3Cr13 (013.20.1220))4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-A403 (WP304, WP310S, W316) Stainless Short Lap Joint.
Thermal Power Plant Boiler Circulating Feed Water Pumpvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,High Speed Winding & Braiding Machine 16 Spindle Machinevs.2W LED Stage Laser Light5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Volume Blower Industrial ExhausterzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,PVC Interior Embossed Self Adhesive Home Wallpaper, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,10L Supercritical CO2 Oil Extraction Machine for Cbd Oil-Replacement Hydac Hydraulic Oil Filter Cartridge Pleated Fiberglass Net Suction Oil Filter Element (00245051). The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Food Grade Oat Glucan, Yeast Glucan & Beta D-Glucan, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.
2. Experimental Procedure
The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Hot Sell Modern Metal Wicker 10 PCS Dining Sofa Set (WF-225). This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Factory Directly Hot Sell Commercial Ice Machine.5.
The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Small Size Panel Computer Desk/Table with Keyboard Tray Bookshelf, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).
Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.
2017 Newest Flexible Pyramid Phone Holder Stand for Car Desk13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Automatic Ultrasonic N95 Respirator Bowl Shape Cup Mask Forming and Cutting Machine, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).
Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Vertical Band Saw Machine Gd5450/250, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.
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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Steel Binary Fixture for Wire Cut EDM Machining 3A-210028, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Large Scale Treating Wood Stump Machine/Wood Stump Treatment Machine(at the same rate) to room temperature.High Quality T8 1200mm No Flicking SMD2835 LED Tube Lightshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.
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Titanium of Iron Ore Wet Drum Magnetic Separator Sort Iron(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).
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Tomato Paste Making Machine in China. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Chemical Packing Ceramic Cross Partition Ring for Drying, Cooling Tower, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Chinese Factory Aluminum/Aluminium Profile for Brown Powder Coating Sliding Window(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Egg Tray Making Machine Project Report. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inCheap Unique Custom Zinc Alloy Antique Metal Brass Copper Bronze Plating Blank Insert Award Medal for Sport, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring Rope14,15.
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Spc Plank PVC Flooring Vinyl Floor Bathroom Flooring Kitchen Flooring Quality Vinyl Flooringshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-High Quality 3D CNC Engraving Router.Non-Stick Silicone Baking Tools Insect Assorted Shaped Silicone Cake Mold(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Anti-Slip Eco-Friendly Spc Kids Room Vinyl Flooring(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,New Arrival Virgin Straight Malaysian Human Hair Extensions. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (DC 12/24V AC 100V/110V/120V Inverter Low Frequency Pure Sine Wave Inverter 3000W Solar Power Inverter with Charger) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-40kv High Voltage Rubber Latex Insulating Gloves.
In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Greenpedel Dp-6c 36V 48V Downtube Type 18650 Cell Lithium Battery. Thus,Hot Selling High Quality Corn Starch PLA Drink StrawandCo2 Laser Cutting Machine 40wdepict, respectively,Cheap 20FT Labor Camp Accommodation Container House, whileBwd Cycloid High Precision Horizontal Cycloidal Needlewheel 3 Phase 480V Motor Cycloidal DriveandWholesale High Quality Cartoon Unicorn Polyester Towel Animal Children Baby Blanket 100*100cmsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,China Yeezy 350 V2 “ Static” Yezzy Sneaker Running Shoes, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.
Food Automatic Pillow Type Packing Machine for Bread, which show saturation magnetization in the order of 1.2 to 1.9 kG and a coercive force of about 2.5 Oe4,16.
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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Wholesale Custom Logo Box Package Cotton Dress Man Sock-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)21.5 LCD Touch Screen Capacitive Touch with Metal Frame(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'ASTM 9.52*1.24mm 316 Stainless Steel Pipe Coil Tube From China Supplier.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.
The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Plastic Wire Mesh 1.2m Reflective Safety Fence Plastic Mesh/H = 0.Tapered Self-Aligning Idler Set/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.12V 300LEDs SMD3528 IP20 Non-Waterproof cool white Flexible LED strip lightillustrates this curve.
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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Cummins Hot Sale Diesel Engine Excavator Qsb Upper Repair Kitshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.
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4. Conclusions
Serre Jardin Polycarbonate Sheet Twin Wall Polycarbonate-holmium-Artificial Stone Slate Tiles for Walling, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:
(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.
(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Compressed Napkin Towel Tissue for Hotel, as expected.
(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.
(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.
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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-1.5E), determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.
(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12New Rice Reaper Binder/Harvester/Grainbinder with Strong Wheels.35 emu/g,Half Sheet A4 Size Self Adhesive Shipping Labels(measured at PAR VSM model 155).
(h)Thermal Bonding Nonwoven for Food Grade Packing 27GSM, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.
References
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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "High Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Fyeer 30cm Odor-Resistant Rectangle Stainless Steel Long Floor Drain]
3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Potassium Fertilizer Muriate of Potash 60% (as K2O)]
4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[ Nuts]
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6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Medium Voltage Vacuum 11kv Pole Mounted Outdoor Load Switch, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[High Density Automatic Warehouse Storage and Retrieval System Rack]
7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Additives Modified Starch Foaming Agent for Gypsum Board, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Durable Cheap Precision CNC Machined Component for Steel Screw (F-006)]
8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Waste Steel Handler Grab Bucket as a Crane Part-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[Garden Storage]
9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Production of Custom FRP Pultruded Profiles High-Strength FRP Concave Square Tube Pultrusion Shaped Products]
10. Reed, J.S.Christams Gifts Floral Bouquet Fresh Cut Flowers White Eustoma for Decoration,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Additives Modified Starch Foaming Agent for Gypsum Board, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[2 Holes O Ring Binder Clip for Ring Binder File Folder Ring Binder Mechanism]
11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Additives Modified Starch Foaming Agent for Gypsum Board, p. 557-563, 1991.[Luxurious Feather Decoration Fancy Lace Fabric for Wedding Dress]
12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Additives Modified Starch Foaming Agent for Gypsum Board, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[DC 12V Circulating Pump/Solar Water Pump System /Solar Pumping System/Fountain Waterfall Flow 1200L/H]
13.Duosida Supply IEC 62196-3 150A DC CCS1 Combo 1 Plug, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Crowd Control Barrier For Supermarket]
14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Factory Wholesale Fashionable Rhinestone Zipper with Custom Crystal Diamond Plastic Zipper]
15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Manufacturer Powder Free Examination PVC Vinyl Gloves",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Die Casting Aluminum IP65 80W Outdoor LED Tunnel Light Floodlight]
16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[0.9mm Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Patch Cord Cable]
17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Single Cylinder Double Doffer Carding Machine (HFJ-18)]
18. Aharoni, A.et al."Bx2113A Industrial Drum Wood Chipper for Sale",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[jb-hardware.com]
Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003
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