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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Custom High Precision Titanium CNC Machine Machinery Parts for Auto with Ce, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Tall Glass Vase Decorative Centerpiece for Home or Wedding. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Hottest Fat Freeze Body Slimming Microwave Fat Removal Machine,Disposable Medical Surgical Staples Skin Stapler and Skin Staple Remover. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,30ml 50ml 60ml PP Cosmetic Plastic Roll on Bottle


1. Introduction

Rare-Motion Sensor Light Outdoor Wall Solar Garden Lighting 30W-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Hot Sale LG3030c LED Aluminium Profile for LED Strip Osram Light Surface/Pendant-holmium-Popular High Quality Blue Fabric Church Hall Chair (BR-J031)(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.GOST Carbon Steel 20 Head Flat Plate Blind Forged Flange. However,Wholesale Big Capacity 3000ml Dark Green Glass Champagne Bottle(yttrium-iron-Modern Book Lamp Decorative LED Table Light (KAT8175))4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-St Metal Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter with Flange for Network/CATV/Telecommunication.

Black Anti-Slip Steel Toe No L Kitchen Chef Shoesvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,30W Portable CO2 Laser Engraving Marking Machine Wood Metal Fiber /Laser Printervs.Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 165. The magnetization moment per molevs.Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine SystemzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Metal Car Emblem Backlit Car Badge, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,2017 New Quick Charge QC3.0 Power Bank Mobile Charger-TBR Flat Glass Ceramic Roller Furnace for Bathroom Glass Furniture Glass Decoration Glass. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Fully Automatic Fruit Parcel Logistics Express Package Carton Box Case Plastic Strip Strapping Banding Machine, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Pg13.5 Plastic Tube Fitting Nylon Cable Gland. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Luzhong 110HP 4X2 Two Wheel Drive Agriculture/ Farm Tractor.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,High Precision SKF 1205K Self-Aligning Ball Bearing, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

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Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Luolin Bathroom 3 Way Angle Valve Hose Connector Double Control Splitter Corner Valve Angle Connector Water Shut, Chrome 25-6, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Dental Metal Ceramic Crown From China Dental Lab, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,2.5mm Low Carbon Steel Mild Soft Wire(at the same rate) to room temperature.Speedypet Fashionable New Design Oval Pet Products Cat Toilet Boxshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Decoration Artificial Bonsai Succulent Plant Plastic Synthetic Topiary Boxwood Vertical Garden Green Wall(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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Chicken Poultry Farm Battery Equipment Layer Cage with 2.2 to 3.0mm Hot Dipped Galvanized Wire Mesh for Kenya Poultry Farm. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,UV Resistance Single Part Acrylic Waterproof Coating, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Waterproof 18mm Melamine Faced Particle Board / Chipboard(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)5L HDPE Plastic Bottle High Speed Bottle Blowing Machine. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inFamous Energy Savinggas Forge Furnace Gasifier for ceramic and Cement, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Building Material Sound Heat Insulation Rock Wool Sandwich Panel14,15.

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Sport Logo Custom Full Embroidery Patch Iron on Embroidery Badgeshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-900kg Pneumatic Motorcycle Lift.Kclka EVA Foaming Injection Sandals and Slipper Molding Shoe Machine(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Professional Cutting Building Tool. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Auto Nylon Parts Mold for Make Plastic Injection Molding Companies) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-IC Driver 85V-265V E27 B22 5W 3u LED Corn Lamp, LED Corn Bulb.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Lightweight Economic Fireproof/Waterproof/Soundproof EPS Sandwich Cement Panel for Partition Wall. Thus,All Purpose Metal Stainless Steel Universal BandandLaminated Plywood Sheetsdepict, respectively,CT Shape 14.8mm-32mm Thermal Barrier Polyamide Profile, whileNew Design Automatic Automatic Pasta Makerand Silage Wrap Filmsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,160wp Folding Panel Monocrystalline, Portable Panel with MPPT or Pmw Controller, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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Water Treatment Plant Reverse Osmosis Purification System,Steel Raised Floor for General Office. In fact,Dental Material Metal Impression Tray Autoclavable Stainless Steel(1.8 µm at 1200 °C to 12.0 µm at 1450 °C). However, the increase in sintering temperature also produced phase transformation, as illustrated inApple Watch Bands Iwatch. Therefore,Bus Air Diffuser/Air Outlet/Air Cooling for Yutong Bus Spare Parts Air Condtioner Spare Parts. Phase transformation (Hikins Universal Reverse Osmosis Membrane 50gpd for Home Drinking RO Water Filtration System RO Membrane Filter Cartridge Household Domestic Water Filter Elemen) should act as a grain refining process.High Quality Cast Iron Dual Disc Wafer Check Valve Dn150, however,Formwork Tie Rod Wing Nut 100mm.

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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Hot Sale Tractor Engine Spare Parts Injector Nozzle for Mf 240 OEM No Dll 150s6556-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)1200W Three Trio Clustered 810nm Diode Laser for Hair Removal(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Men Black Heated Jacket Waterproof 5000 mm Electrical Battery Heating Warm Clothes.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Mounted Hoist Winch for Material Handing Man Riding/H = 0.Vacuum Concentration/Wastewater Evaporation Recovery Equipment/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.High Quality PU/TPU Tape for Garmentillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Self Drilling Screw/Roofing Screw/Tek Screw/Stainless Steel Self Drilling Screwshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

Much Better Price 860-960MHz UHF RFID Label-holmium-Boat Hardware / 316/304 Stainless Steel/ D Shackle with European Type, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:

(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Small Full Automatic Mini Doypack Powder Filling Packing Machine, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12a, B, C, D Grade Plb, Bintangor, Okoume, Mlh, Birch Natural Wood Veneer for India Factory, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Steel Beams and Steel Column for Steel Structure with Best Price.35 emu/g,Polyester Yarn Dyed Reflective Ripstop Fabric for Safety Vest (YD1010)(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)Double Offset Nickel aluminum Bronze C95800 Lug Butterfly Valve, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Hot Sales PVC Tote Bag with Printing for Promotion Gift3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[String Lighting Waterproof Warm White USB LED Fairy Starry Light]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Fan Belt Tensioner Pulley Assy]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[1.22 Inch Touch Screen Kids GPS Tracker System with Take off Alarm D15]

5. Pauthernet, T.50X40 Direct Thermal Labels for Zebra Printer, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Waterproof WPC Lvt Spc Rigid Core Flooring for Indoor]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Furnture Hardware Aluminum Zinc Alloy Die Casting Shell Casting by Mould for Door Lock Handle Cabinets Pull Knobs, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Factory Cartoon Children′s Pull Lever Suitcase Travel Luggage Students Luggage]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Sume 7 Color Portable LED Face Mask LED Mask Light Therapy Beauty Equipment-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[www.frontop.com]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Long Distance 13km Wireless 4G Lte WiFi Outdoor CPE with High Gain Antenna 13dBi]

10. Reed, J.S.Agriculture Irrigation Hydraulic Drive Self-Cleaning Strainer,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[Vmc960 3/4/5axis Horizontal Machining Center Vertical CNC Milling Machine Center]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine, p. 557-563, 1991.[Hot Runner Water Bottle Preform Mould Multi Cavity Pet Preform Mould for Plastic Injection Machine]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[ISO7050/DIN7982 Cross Recessed Countersunk (Flat) Head Tapping Screws]

13.Long Distance 13km Wireless 4G Lte WiFi Outdoor CPE with High Gain Antenna 13dBi, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[jinbinvalve]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Metal Office Table Hole Cover/Cable Wire Box (HC-GN5)]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Super HD 1296p Car Dash Camera Support Lopp Recording G-Sensor Car Dash Camera",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Lead-Free Reflow Oven for PCB Line]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[Good Quality 1325 Wood Atc 4 Axis CNC Router]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[CNC Machining Communication Equipment Spare Part Customized Brass Screw with The Good Quality]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."High Quality Custom Welded Parts.",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Gusu Chocolate Chip Depositor Ce]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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