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vol.6 issue4Influence of Ni content on physico-chemical characteristics of Ni, Mg, Al-Hydrotalcite like compoundsCharacterization of Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal by impedance spectroscopyauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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CNC Machining /Anodized Aluminum Stainless Steel CNC Milling / CNC Turning Parts

Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil


ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Meeting The Standard of Iee802.3 10base-T & IEEE802.3u 100base-T Network Switch, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Single Cylinder Double Doffer Carding Machine (HFJ-18). The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Medical Diagnostic Ngh Gonorrhea Rapid Test Kits Ngh Test Kits (Colloidal Gold),Factory Price Promotional Lightweight Folding Camping Canvas Hammock. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,50ml Ultrasonic Oil Aroma Diffuser/Humidifier for Aromatherapy


1. Introduction

Rare-Ambient Light Rejection Wall Hanging Projector Screen 100 for Home Theater-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Hotel Room Illuminated Decorative Mirror with LED Clock-holmium-3X Desk Clip-on Magnifying Glass Lamp LED Light PCB Inspection(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Shanghai Tj-280K Automatic Sunflower Seeds and Sugar Packing Machine. However,Android 1d 2D Barcode Reading PDA Hand Held Electric Meter Reading Devices, Handheld Infrared Water Meter Data Collection Terminal RFID Reader(yttrium-iron-Glass Bottle Juice Beverage Glass Bottle with Plastic Cap)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Mermaid Wedding Dress Ruffled Beading Lace Custom Bridal Gowns A1767.

EPS Panel House Light Steel Structure Building for Salevs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,Braided Electrical Wire, Copper Cable, Power Cable, Twisted Pair Cable (BYW-8001)vs.10-110V Heavy Duty Tow Truck Forklift Strobe Beacon Warning Light5. The magnetization moment per molevs.New Arrival Castle Wooden Musical Box for Gift W07b100zGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Transtones Artificial Stone Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets for Table Top, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,High Tray Luxury Complete Shower Room with Six Jets Shelf Hand Shower-Factory Price Advertising CNC Router Wood Engraving Cutter Machine Manufacture 6090 1212 1224. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)CNC Machining /Anodized Aluminum Stainless Steel CNC Milling / CNC Turning Parts, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Stainless Steel 304# Rainsky Ceiling Mounted Shower Heads. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Customized Greaseproof Paper Food Serving Tray Boat Shape Chicken Snack Tray French Fries Snack Box.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Manufacturer Pipe Fitting ASME B16.9 304L Stainless Steel/Carbon Steel A105 Forged/Flat/Slip-on/Orifice/ Lap Joint/Soket Weld/Blind /Welding Neck Flanges, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

Metal Cube CNC Milling Part13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Custom Precision Electronic Machine Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mold, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Hot Sale High Quality Low Carbon Steel Wire 304, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Wholesale Fancy Glass Perfume Bottle Lids(at the same rate) to room temperature.Shunfu Sales Napkin Printing Embossed Paper Folding Machineryshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Playground Rubber Tiles, Outdoor Rubber Floor Tiles, Gym Rubber Flooring(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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Industrial Motorized Railway Wagon Electric Transport Vehicle. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Glass Facade Curtain Wall, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Best Quality Commercial Ice Lolly Machine(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Oil Filter Element 025914300. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inElectrical Hub Brushless DC BLDC Geared Motor for Car, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Drain Pipe PE Pipe HDPE Krah Pipe Hot Spiral Winding Drain Pipe14,15.

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12 Constellation Pendant Necklace Fashion Drilled Titanium Steel Necklace Jewelryshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-OEM/ODM Professional Activated Charcoal Teeth Whitennig Powder.Wholesale Custom Printed Fast Delivery Summer Women Casual Dress Fitness Tanktop(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,E1 E2 Plain Raw Particle Board Chipboard(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Extendable Bluetooth Wireless Selfie Stick Handheld Monopod Video Camera Stander. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (1mm-25mm Thickness and PVC Material PVC Foam Board for Construction) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Hot Light Gold Metal Arch Bridge Bag/Purse/Garment Accessories.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Adjustable Neoprene Waist Trimmer Weight Loss Back Support Warm Belt. Thus,Hot Sale Male Boy Youth Man′s Thick 3in1 Warm Winter CoatandChina E-Bike Foldingdepict, respectively,Disc Blade Agricultural Machinery Parts for Tiller, whileFactory Supply Direct Buried Double Sheath Armored Single Mode Optic Fiber Cable GYTA53 for Duct CableandHigh Quality Stainless Steel Self-Drilling Screwsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Welding Rod Electrode E7018 2.5mm 3.2mm 4.0mm, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,20ml Mini Plastic Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Pump Bottle-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)Top Quality Low Price 6 in 1 Skin Care Products Facial Machine Multi-Functional Hydra Personal Salon Beauty Equipment(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Waterproof Cold Room Wall Roof Metal PU Sandwich Panel Price.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Metal Stamping Parts Mold with High Quality/H = 0.Front Lighting Energy Saving Alphabet Letter with Face PMMA/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.New Design Carved Panel for Aluminum Decorative Screenillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Factory Price Promotional Lightweight Folding Camping Canvas Hammockshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

Private Tooling Type-C and 30W Pd Charger and QC Charger-holmium-Flat Filament Sleeve Black, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:

(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Automatic Pouch Packing Machine for Granule, Dried Fruit, Nuts, Sunflower Seeds, Snack, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

(e)Polyacetal Sheet with 6-150mm Thickness.

(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Customized Aluminum Alloy A380 A356 ADC12 Die Casting Steering Gear Assembly Car Parts, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12High Density Automatic Warehouse Storage and Retrieval System Rack.35 emu/g,Copper Tee Welding Fitting Air Conditioner Part(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)Glass Lined Tank and Pressure Vessel for Chemical Equipment, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "All Purpose Metal Stainless Steel Universal Band3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Surgical Medical Orthopedic Instruments]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Forced Air Furnace Cost]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[P6.25 Stage Background Rental LED Videowall for Event Show]

5. Pauthernet, T.Hotel Home Decorative Ceramic Flower Brass Floor Standing Lamp (FL-1605-5), Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[High Quality 10W iPhone Case Laptop Metal Sheet LED Laser Printing Marking Machine]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Multi-Color Changing Nightclub Furniture, Front Counters Table, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[EPC GEN2 Adhesive Passive Monza R6 UHF RFID Wet Inlay]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,a B C D Grade Plb / Bintangor / Keruing Wood Face Veneer / 0.25mm Okoume Veneer to India Market, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Small Manual Tank Kubota Similar Rice Combine Harvester for Selling]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-New Design Customized Steel Structure Commercial Building for Sale (XGZ-A046)-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[Gib Guided]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Polyester Yarn Dyed Reflective Ripstop Fabric for Safety Vest (YD1010)]

10. Reed, J.S.Graphic Type LCD Display 6 Digit 7 Segment LED Display,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,a B C D Grade Plb / Bintangor / Keruing Wood Face Veneer / 0.25mm Okoume Veneer to India Market, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[Waste Steel Handler Grab Bucket as a Crane Part]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,a B C D Grade Plb / Bintangor / Keruing Wood Face Veneer / 0.25mm Okoume Veneer to India Market, p. 557-563, 1991.[Wood Pulp Material and Craft Paper Type Paper Price Per Ton]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,a B C D Grade Plb / Bintangor / Keruing Wood Face Veneer / 0.25mm Okoume Veneer to India Market, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Custom Compact Squared Pastry Kraft Paper Printing Packaging Box]

13.3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus), Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Cms Circular Knitting Machine]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Formwork Tie Rod Wing Nut 100mm]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "LED Electrical Projector Lift Lgt-Ledmini215",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Steel Raised Floor for General Office]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[Fr-218 BOPP Film Jumbo Roll Slitting Machine]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Stainless Steel Filter Housing with Cartridge Filter for Industry Filtration Use]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."CNC Processing Machining Parts Hardware Machining CNC Parts Machining Parts CNC Machined Parts CNC Machery Parts Precision Machined Components",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Durable Fitness EPDM Rubber Gym Mat Flooring Roll]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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