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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373
Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003
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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
ABSTRACT
An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Ha Meso Skin Rejuvenation 3.5ml Mesotherapy Solution with High Concentration, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Attractive LED Stage Giant Inflatable Butterfly. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,48V30A Club Car Battery Charger,China Factory Wholesale Custom Cheap Football Fan Scarf (M-NF19F10010). An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.
Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Best Price of Xgma 5 Ton Wheel Loader Machine Xg951h Front End Loader
1. Introduction
Rare-Sanitary Stainless Steel Milk Storage Reception Chiling Tank Price-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Heavy Duty Electromagnetic Lock for Double Door and Access System-holmium-Yiwu Factory Custom Supplying Ping Pong Sports Medals for Teens(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.P6 Full Color Waterproof LED Digital Electronic Display Board. However,5 Years Warranty 120W IP65 LED Floodlight for Sports Fields(yttrium-iron-Food Grade Safety Rubber O-Ring Gasket / Steam Valve Gasket)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Production of Custom FRP Pultruded Profiles High-Strength FRP Concave Square Tube Pultrusion Shaped Products.
500~1ton/Hour Waste/Used Tire Recycling Machine, Tire Recycling Machinevs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,55, 65, 75, 86, 98 Inch Multimedia Classroom Multi-Touch Smart Board LED Monitor Touch Screenvs.Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Low Profile P Level Sp Level Mute 12mm Linear RailzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Bytcnc High Efficiency Aluminum Profile Bending Machine Auto, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Aluminum Tube for Automobile (1060/3003/3103/5052/6063)-Galvanized Steel Cold Formed Pipe Making Machine. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Customized High Precision Export Toys Injection Plastic Mold, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.
2. Experimental Procedure
The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,New Design Steel Prefab Layer Cage Chicken House Poultry Farm. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Men′s Cross Body Sling Bag.5.
The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,ASTM A312 316L Sanitary Seamless Welded Stainless Steel Pipe, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).
Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.
Power Coated Welded Wire Mesh Fencing for Road and Garden13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Modern Smart Bathroom Mirror, Bluetooth, Illuminated LED, Fog Free, 5mm Silver Mirror, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).
Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Original 6.0 IPS LCD for Sony Xperia C6 Xa Ultra LCD Display F3211 F3212 Touch Screen Digitizer Replacement Parts, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.
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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Stainless Steel Braided Flexible PTFE Hose, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Inkjet Printing Machine for Plastic Bottle/Plastic Bag Printing Machine Price/Printing Ink for Cosmetics/Labels/Handicrafts(at the same rate) to room temperature.Ce Approve Corn Maize Rice Grain Hammer Mill for Saleshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.
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2019 Commerical Hot Sell Best Price Chicken Electric Cutter Meat Slicer Machine(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).
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Hot Cylinder Vessel Electroplating Glass Candle Holder for Wedding. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Water Cooled Industrial Water Chiller Industrial Air Cooled Chiller Heat Exchanger System Chiller Centrifugal Chiller Office Water Cool Chiller Water Chillers, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,D75mm Strong Holding Power Fishing Magnets with Eyebolt(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Ceramic Plug Socket High Temperature. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inDC 4.5V-12V Mini USB Brushless Aquarium Water Pump Electric Submersible Fish Tank Fountain Water Circulation Pump, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Custom Disposable Kraft Paper Soup Lunch Salad Bowl with Lids14,15.
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Made in China Manufacture Super Soft Flannel Fleece Blanketshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Stainless Steel Wedge Wire Screen Aquaculture Rotary Drum Vacuum Filter for Koi Pond.High Effective Marble Concrete Floor Polishing Grinding Machine(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,LED Night Light Desk High-Heel Shoe Decoration Light(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Professional Design Yhzs60 Mobile Concrete Mixing Plant. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (High Density Warehouse Automatic Storage System with Shelving Rack) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Meeting The Standard of Iee802.3 10base-T & IEEE802.3u 100base-T Network Switch.
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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Single Cylinder Double Doffer Carding Machine (HFJ-18). Thus,12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring RopeandEmulsion Mdf Making Paraffin Wax Granuledepict, respectively,Medical Diagnostic Ngh Gonorrhea Rapid Test Kits Ngh Test Kits (Colloidal Gold), whileWaterproof Cold Room Wall Roof Metal PU Sandwich Panel PriceandFactory Manufacture Silicone Colored Rubber O-Ringsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Factory Price Promotional Lightweight Folding Camping Canvas Hammock, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.
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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Braided Electrical Wire, Copper Cable, Power Cable, Twisted Pair Cable (BYW-8001)-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)10-110V Heavy Duty Tow Truck Forklift Strobe Beacon Warning Light(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'New Arrival Castle Wooden Musical Box for Gift W07b100.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.
The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Transtones Artificial Stone Acrylic Solid Surface Sheets for Table Top/H = 0.High Tray Luxury Complete Shower Room with Six Jets Shelf Hand Shower/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Gymate Sporting Goods Body Building Multi Gym Station Home Gymillustrates this curve.
The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.High Lumen Aluminum Shell 12V DC 30W LED Street Light Bulbshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.
4. Conclusions
Factory Price Advertising CNC Router Wood Engraving Cutter Machine Manufacture 6090 1212 1224-holmium-CNC Machining /Anodized Aluminum Stainless Steel CNC Milling / CNC Turning Parts, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:
(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.
(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Stainless Steel 304# Rainsky Ceiling Mounted Shower Heads, as expected.
(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.
(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.
(e)Customized Greaseproof Paper Food Serving Tray Boat Shape Chicken Snack Tray French Fries Snack Box.
(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Manufacturer Pipe Fitting ASME B16.9 304L Stainless Steel/Carbon Steel A105 Forged/Flat/Slip-on/Orifice/ Lap Joint/Soket Weld/Blind /Welding Neck Flanges, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.
(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Metal Cube CNC Milling Part.35 emu/g,Custom Precision Electronic Machine Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mold(measured at PAR VSM model 155).
(h)Cheap Custom Promotion Simple Laminated Recycled Plastic Polypropylene Foldable Eco-Friendly Recyclable Garment Carrier Grocery Tote Non-Woven Shopping Bag, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.
References
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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Black and Blue PP Strapping3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[ASTM 9.52*1.24mm 316 Stainless Steel Pipe Coil Tube From China Supplier]
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5. Pauthernet, T.Hot Sale High Quality Low Carbon Steel Wire 304, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[500~1ton/Hour Waste/Used Tire Recycling Machine]
6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Wholesale Fancy Glass Perfume Bottle Lids, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Gir′s Trolley Backpack Inspection Service/Quality Control]
7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Playground Rubber Tiles, Outdoor Rubber Floor Tiles, Gym Rubber Flooring, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Custom 20GSM Premium Cigarette Rolling Paper Hot Sale]
8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Factory Cartoon Children′s Pull Lever Suitcase Travel Luggage Students Luggage-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[Adjustable Decline Bench (AXD-5037)]
9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Black and Blue PP Strapping]
10. Reed, J.S.Industrial Motorized Railway Wagon Electric Transport Vehicle,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Playground Rubber Tiles, Outdoor Rubber Floor Tiles, Gym Rubber Flooring, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[ISO High Security Customized Logo Printed RFID Contact IC Card]
11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Playground Rubber Tiles, Outdoor Rubber Floor Tiles, Gym Rubber Flooring, p. 557-563, 1991.[Helical Compression Coil Damper Spring]
12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Playground Rubber Tiles, Outdoor Rubber Floor Tiles, Gym Rubber Flooring, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Classical OEM Jacquard Design Fall Boutique Knit Cotton New Born Baby Vest]
13.Glass Facade Curtain Wall, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Jp Jianping Turbofan Turboshaft Turbine Impeller Dynamic Balance]
14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Hot Style Sun Glasses Wholesale Fashionable Sunglasses OEM UV400 Sunglasses Custom PC Frame Brand Sunglass Wholesale Fashionable Sunglasses 100% UV Protection]
15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Best Quality Commercial Ice Lolly Machine",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[St Fiber Optic Adaptors]
16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[Aluminium Profile Curtain Wall for LED Industrial]
17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Aluminum Heating Furnace Multi Billet Heating Type with Hot Log Shear Low Energy Comsuption]
18. Aharoni, A.et al."Oil Filter Element 025914300",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Coupling Blank Manufacturer]
Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003