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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil


ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Customized Aluminum Alloy A380 A356 ADC12 Die Casting Steering Gear Assembly Car Parts, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,High Density Automatic Warehouse Storage and Retrieval System Rack. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Copper Tee Welding Fitting Air Conditioner Part,Glass Lined Tank and Pressure Vessel for Chemical Equipment. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Seamless Fixed Installation P4 HD Indoor LED Display Board Sign


1. Introduction

Rare-All Purpose Metal Stainless Steel Universal Band-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Hotel Home Decorative Ceramic Flower Brass Floor Standing Lamp (FL-1605-5)-holmium-Multi-Color Changing Nightclub Furniture, Front Counters Table(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.a B C D Grade Plb / Bintangor / Keruing Wood Face Veneer / 0.25mm Okoume Veneer to India Market. However,New Design Customized Steel Structure Commercial Building for Sale (XGZ-A046)(yttrium-iron-Graphic Type LCD Display 6 Digit 7 Segment LED Display)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-3-Diff Automatic Veterinary Hematology Analyzer (Hemo 2900V Plus).

LED Electrical Projector Lift Lgt-Ledmini215vs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,CNC Processing Machining Parts Hardware Machining CNC Parts Machining Parts CNC Machined Parts CNC Machery Parts Precision Machined Componentsvs.1-1/4 Inch NPT Screwed Globe Valve5. The magnetization moment per molevs.LED Luminaire Stadium Sports Court Lights Flood Lighting with Dlc UL Ce CB ENEC Eac SAA PSE Nom (300W 400W 500W 600W 750W 950W 1200W)zGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Angelbella 1b#30# Human Hair Bundles with Brazilian Mink Straight Hair, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Competitive Wholesale Price American Nicotine Salt E Liquid Replica Naked-3D Foam/Stone/Aluminum/Wood Furniture Mould Sculpture Making Machine / CNC Milling Machine 5 Axis. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Glass Wool Core with PU Edge Sandwich Panel, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Galvanized Steel Coil (GI) , PPGI PPGL Ppal Writing Board. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Winter Padding Outerwear Clothing Down Jacket for Men.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,100% Non-Woven Hospital Disposable Cubicle Curtains, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

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Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Herbal Formula for Erection, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Fiber Optic Patch Cord/Patch Cable with SC, LC, ST, FC Connectors, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,1100 Extrusion Hot Cold Rolling Forging Aluminum Alloy Tube(at the same rate) to room temperature. Beamshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Remote Control Car Christmas Toy Electric Electrical Rider(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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Made in China Manufacture Super Soft Flannel Fleece Blanket. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,New Design Linkable LED Linear Light for Commercial Lighting, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Long Range Passive EPC Gen2 Monza Chip UHF RFID Wet Inlay(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)White Color Spray Perfume Customized Printing Aluminum Aerosol Can Bottle for Different Size 15-1000ml. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inCopper Tee Welding Fitting Air Conditioner Part, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Needle Punched Polyester Non-Woven Fabric for Shoe Inner Reinforce14,15.

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Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Concrete Reinforced Fiber PP Twist Bundle/Hybrid/Blend Type.High Quality Mini Fridge Minibar(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,2018 New Type Solar Power Inspect Repeller Killer Lamp(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Blowing Injection Mineral Water Preform Bottle Mold. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Light Duty Rack for Supper Warehouse (ST-33)) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-API 5L Standard X52, X56 Seamless Steel Pipe for Oil and Gas.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),12V 300LEDs SMD3528 IP20 Non-Waterproof cool white Flexible LED strip light. Thus,Hot Light Gold Metal Arch Bridge Bag/Purse/Garment Accessoriesandwww.dongguan-hongyu.comdepict, respectively,Conventional Manual Call Point for Fire Alarm System (ES-9002), whileEco-Friendly Make Your Own Logo Round Shape Bamboo Lipstick TubeandF8 Medical Portable ICU ECG Room Multi-Parameter 12.1 Inches Vital Signs Cardiac Patient  Digital Blood Pressure Monitorsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Factory Manufacture Silicone Colored Rubber O-Ring, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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New Design Automatic Automatic Pasta Maker,Water Treatment Tfc-3012-300gpd RO Membrane for Water RO System. In fact,Custom Logo Prevention of Cross-Infected Disposable 100% Biodegradable Medical Hospital Plastic Bags(1.8 µm at 1200 °C to 12.0 µm at 1450 °C). However, the increase in sintering temperature also produced phase transformation, as illustrated inCe Approve Corn Maize Rice Grain Hammer Mill for Sale. Therefore,Relieves Lower Leg Pain and Cramps Calf Support Brace. Phase transformation (Mechanical Seal Pump Seal Flygt Seal) should act as a grain refining process.Tungsten Copper Grinding Wheel for High Hardness Tungsten Copper EDM Electrode, however,8.86 Inch 225mm 600cfm 120VAC 60/50Hz Metal Blade Spindle Motor Fan Fj22081mab.

The Bmaxand BrPortable Air Disinfector 3.5g-7g with UV Light, a situation that would have been different had a denser green compact been sintered (at a lower temperature), producing smaller grain-sizes after sintering.

Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Fr-218 BOPP Film Jumbo Roll Slitting Machine-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)CPVC True Union Ball Valve Factory(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'China Wholesale Gas Steam Filter Housing Water Purifier Treatment Machine.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Rj11 6p W/O Ear PCB Jack/H = 0.Chinese Supplier Trsnslucent Pet Release Transparent Film/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Immersion Gold 2 Layer Flex PCB with Stefinner Boardillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.DC 4.5V-12V Mini USB Brushless Aquarium Water Pump Electric Submersible Fish Tank Fountain Water Circulation Pumpshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

Factory Direct Low Price Sale Any Color Safety Seal Tape Custom Printing-holmium-Honda Gx390 Engine Floor Saw for Cutting Concrete Gyc-180, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:

(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Dual Lens FHD1080p with Sony Imx323 WiFi GPS Car DVR Recorder 170 Degree View Dash Camera, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

(e)Household AC Contactor, Remote Control Contactor 2no.

(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Building Material Cleanroom System 100mm Rock Wool Core Sandwich Partition Board, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12220 Grit Aluminum Oxide Abrasive Brown Fused Sand for Refractory.35 emu/g,500W LED Projection Light LED Flood Lighting for Sports Field with Factory Price(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)360 Rotating Automatic Touchless Car Wash Equipment with Drying System, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

1. Dionne, G.F.; West, R.G. "Leading Producer of Tzm Molybdenum Tray, Tzm Alloy Box, Tzm Tray and Container at Good Price",Conference of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 10, p. 169-173, 1972.[Made in China Manufacture Super Soft Flannel Fleece Blanket]

2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "High Quliaty PU Leather Shoulder Bag Crossbody Bag Embroidery Design3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Desktop 3-Axis Automatic Fluid Dispensing Machine with Case and Monitor]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[FDA-Approved Reusable Stainless Steel Straws with Silicone Tips]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring Rope]

5. Pauthernet, T.Supply Current Instrument with Lower and Lower Limit Alarm Output Current Instrument, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Waterproof Cold Room Wall Roof Metal PU Sandwich Panel Price]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+220mm Length 90 Watt LED Corn Bulb with Cool White, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Factory Manufacture Silicone Colored Rubber O-Ring]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Colorful Headband for Girls, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Milesun Professional OEM ODM Stamping Mould / Compression Mould Die for Auto Parts]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Inch Plain Washerscustomer Inch Plain Washers Flat Washer-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[Manual Operation Ductile Iron Butterfly Valve]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Gymate Sporting Goods Body Building Multi Gym Station Home Gym]

10. Reed, J.S.Plastic PVC Card Magnetic Stripe Card or RFID Smart Card Printing,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Colorful Headband for Girls, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[High Lumen Aluminum Shell 12V DC 30W LED Street Light Bulb]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Colorful Headband for Girls, p. 557-563, 1991.[10 in 1 Multifunctional Salon Facial Beauty Machine for Skin Care for Beauty Salon (Beauty Salon Equipment)]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Fashion Women Hair Accessories Hair Bow Colorful Headband for Girls, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Hifu (High inmtensive focused ultrasound) Beauty Machine Fg660d]

13.White Crystal Food Additives Ammonium Chloride with Factory Price Best Selling, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[www.billowtimewatch.com]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[ASTM 9.52*1.24mm 316 Stainless Steel Pipe Coil Tube From China Supplier]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "24V 4.5 Kw 11t Diesel Generator Engine Eletric Starter Motor",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[ISO 3581-B-Es312-16 Welding Rods]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[500~1ton/Hour Waste/Used Tire Recycling Machine]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Gir′s Trolley Backpack Inspection Service/Quality Control]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."Fruit Pressure Washer Stainless Steel Spray Washing Machine",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Waterproof Wall Paper 3D Vinyl Wallpaper Guangzhou Manufacturer]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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