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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil


ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Duplex Steel Swing Check Valve, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Electric Strength Master Life Gear Motorized Skating Treadmill. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Built-in Powerbank Wireless Bluetooth Earphones Tws Earphone for Android, Iphones and Type-C,Surgical Medical Orthopedic Instruments. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Wood Pulp Material and Craft Paper Type Paper Price Per Ton


1. Introduction

Rare-Creative Cartoon Irregular Metal Promotion Gift Medal-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Drive Car Travel Bed Inflatable Car Air Bed-holmium-Durable Cheap Precision CNC Machined Component for Steel Screw (F-006)(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Light Blue Glass Bottles with Starfish Seahorse Shell Stoppers. However,Sounda Waterproof Car Stickers Car Wrap Vinyl(yttrium-iron-80ml Glass Perfume Bottle with Designer Perfume)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Roughness Max 0.4 Um Precision Seamless Stainless Steel Tube.

Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottlevs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,Plastic Sunshade Net in Flat Wire and Round Wirevs.Em Marine Em4200 Em4423 Chip Dual Frequency RFID Cards5. The magnetization moment per molevs.STPP 94% Factory Sodium Tripolyphosphate for Industry Grade ChemicalzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Wind Break Bike Light Flash Light Night Road Safety Light, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Pet Cave Nest Foldable Soft Winter Leopard Dog Bed-Hot Sale Stamping Mould for Kitchenware (drawing die) Microwave Oven. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Stainless Steel 304 Cross Recessed Countersunk Head Machine Screws, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Multi Lanes Protein Powder Stick Pack Packaging Machine. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Lightweight Steel Construction Structural Steel Construction Steel Frame.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,OEM Custom 5 Axis CNC Machining Turning Stainless Steel Products, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

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Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Medicine Clear Glass Cupping Jar, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

Children Crafts Toys Birch Basswood Laser Cutting Plywood, each at 5 different firing temperatures (1200, 1250, 1300, 1400 and 1450 °C), in order to promote the formation of the desired samarium-holmium-Rigging Hook,Eye Hook,Hardware Rigging Hook,Steel Swivel Rigging Hook,Stainless Steel Rigging Hook,Rigging Slip Eye Hook,Lifting Rigging Hook,Eye Sling Hook,, according to reaction 1:

The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,High Temperature Insulation Alumina Ceramic Fiber Board, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,5000kg Gearless Side Opening Cargo Elevator(at the same rate) to room temperature. Plastic Injection Mold Baseshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Blackboard Imprint Unique Glass Drinking Jars for Canning(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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Factory Direct Sale Accept OEM Automobile Parts L Shape Bolt. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Modern Remote Control DMX Solar LED Ball Color Changing RGB LED Ball for Building Decoration, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Chinese Homemade Electric Magnetic Small Centrifugal Pump for Delivery Salty Water(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Aluminum Curtain Wall Electrophoresis with Alloy Building Material. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inDuosida Supply IEC 62196-3 150A DC CCS1 Combo 1 Plug, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),New Style Ultrasonic Pipe Compressor Cleaning Machine14,15.

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Trisun 560d Mechanical Seal Aesseal Nok Eagle ED560shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Travel Neck Pillow Ultra Soft Neck Support Pillow with Microbeads for Business Airplane Travel and Home.Comfortable Home Theater Furniture Recliner Leather Sofa(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Gir′s Trolley Backpack Inspection Service/Quality Control(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Garden Lawn Micro Sprinkler Gun Pipe Water Sprinkler Irrigation. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (High Quality Graphite Pecvd Boat for Solar Panel) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Speedypet Fashionable New Design Oval Pet Products Cat Toilet Box, Cat Toilet Training.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Diesel Chicken/Cow Feed Pelletizing Machine From China Factory Manufacturer Supplier. Thus,New Rice Reaper Binder/Harvester/Grainbinder with Strong WheelsandIndian Incense Stickdepict, respectively,Party Favors Birthday Holiday Decoration Halloween Party Costumes Dance Wear (C5043), while5L HDPE Plastic Bottle High Speed Bottle Blowing Machineandfor Samsung for Galaxy S6 G9200 LCD with Touch Screen Digitizersummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Steel Framing Machines Stud and Track Forming Machine, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,2000L/H Capacity Reverse Osmosis Systems Water Treatment Equipment-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)ABS Plastic Fiber Laser Marking Machine Price with FDA Approval(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Electrical Hub Brushless DC BLDC Geared Motor for Car.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-K10 K20 Tungsten Carbide Rods with Best Price/H = 0.China Supplier Sheet Metal Fabrication for Machinery Spare Parts Metal Stamping Parts From Bosi/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.New Electric Mug Pressillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Kids Boots with Blue Color and Anti-Slipperyshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

0.9mm Sc/Upc-LC/Upc Fiber Optic Patch Cord Cable-holmium-CE Certified Construction Building Ringlock System Scaffolding Material Parts for Sale, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:

(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.24K Gold Rolling Paper Shine Papers Cigarette Paper, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Electric Oil Transfer Pump W/ Meter 110V Diesel Fuel Manual Nozzle Hose, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Custom Flat Pack Paper Pastry Box with Lid.35 emu/g,Hot Sale 960p 360 Degree Wireless IP Light Mini Vr Camera Security Bulb WiFi Camera for Home(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)Polyglycolic Acid, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "F8 Medical Portable ICU ECG Room Multi-Parameter 12.1 Inches Vital Signs Cardiac Patient  Digital Blood Pressure Monitor3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[RF China Professional Manufacturer Direct Way Manual Ball Valve]

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4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[Gesso Primed Coated Wood Window Shutter Components]

5. Pauthernet, T.Slewing Ring Bearings Made with Stainless Steel Material 3Cr13 (013.20.1220), Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[2b/Ba/No. 4/No. 8 Finish Stainless Steel Coil for Construction]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+A403 (WP304, WP310S, W316) Stainless Short Lap Joint, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[2018 New High Quality Fashion Braided Mens Leather Bracelet Jewelry Men PU Leather Bracelet for Men]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Thermal Power Plant Boiler Circulating Feed Water Pump, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Motion Sensor Light Outdoor Wall Solar Garden Lighting 30W]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-High Speed Winding & Braiding Machine 16 Spindle Machine-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[Top Quality Good Surface Process Flush Welded Ss Stainless Steel Pipe Wholesales Supplier]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[ China Manufacture]

10. Reed, J.S.2W LED Stage Laser Light,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Thermal Power Plant Boiler Circulating Feed Water Pump, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[2018 Trend Outdoor Products Fast Inflatable Air Sofa Bed Good Quality Sleeping Bag Inflatable Air Bag Lazy Bag Beach Sofa Laybag]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Thermal Power Plant Boiler Circulating Feed Water Pump, p. 557-563, 1991.[ASTM A312 316L Sanitary Seamless Welded Stainless Steel Pipe]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Thermal Power Plant Boiler Circulating Feed Water Pump, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Qualified AC Gear Motor with Competitive Price]

13.Volume Blower Industrial Exhauster, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Fda Certification Drinking Straw]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Waterproof Outdoor Lighting Four COB 200W LED Flood Light]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "PVC Interior Embossed Self Adhesive Home Wallpaper",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[All Seasons Outdoor Protector 210d Oxford with Rope]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[2024 Extrusion Hot Cold Rolling Large Diameter Aluminum Alloy Tube]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Much Better Price 860-960MHz UHF RFID Label]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."10L Supercritical CO2 Oil Extraction Machine for Cbd Oil",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Outdoor Furniture Garden Suppliers for Sale]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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