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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Furnture Hardware Aluminum Zinc Alloy Die Casting Shell Casting by Mould for Door Lock Handle Cabinets Pull Knobs, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Sume 7 Color Portable LED Face Mask LED Mask Light Therapy Beauty Equipment,Agriculture Irrigation Hydraulic Drive Self-Cleaning Strainer. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Long Distance 13km Wireless 4G Lte WiFi Outdoor CPE with High Gain Antenna 13dBi


1. Introduction

Rare-Super HD 1296p Car Dash Camera Support Lopp Recording G-Sensor Car Dash Camera-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,High Quality Custom Welded Parts.-holmium-Cellphone Display for Huawei Mate20PRO(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Reoona Enamel Casserole/3PCS Kitchenware Set /3PCS Cookware Set. However,Shunfu Sales Napkin Printing Embossed Paper Folding Machinery(yttrium-iron-Hot Sale Pop Aluminum Linear Ceiling System with Strip Types)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-High Quality Stainless Steel Self-Drilling Screw.

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2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Oceanstar Natural Seaweed Extract Flake Fertilizer. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Cheap Unique Custom Zinc Alloy Antique Metal Brass Copper Bronze Plating Blank Insert Award Medal for Sport.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Suyuan Recycling Machine for Aluminum Foil Plastic, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

4 Way Reversing Valve Shf (L) -420-2125 for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Double Jacket Fire Hose with Fire Hose Parts, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).

Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Street Light Pole Advertising Poster Image Signage Flex Banner Stand, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Factory Directly Hot Sale Ductile Casting Iron, Steel, Rectangle Round Sewer Drain Manhole Cover, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Ce Approve Corn Maize Rice Grain Hammer Mill for Sale(at the same rate) to room temperature.Lady Transparent Underwear Sexy Lingeries Pantyshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Foska New Product Office School Electric Stapler. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Drill Brush Attachments Set Scrub Pads & Sponge Power Scrubber Brush, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,High Performance Operation 2t Electric Lifting Chain Hoist Hook Suspension(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Fashion Compression Summer Printed Swimming Sauna Beach Shorts. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inCustom High Quality Stainless Steel Bracket Precision Brush Metal Stamping Hardware, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Hot Sale Male Boy Youth Man′s Thick 3in1 Warm Winter Coat14,15.

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4 Way Reversing Valve Shf (L) -420-2125 for Refrigeration and Air Conditioningshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Formwork for Column Concrete Construction and Round Concrete Column Formwork for Circle Round Concrete Column Film Faced Plywood.Provide Cement Plant Rotary Cooling Equipment(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Outdoor GYTS 8 Core Outdoor Loose Tube Steel Tape Armored Single Mode Fiber(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Air Choke Coil Inductor 33mh. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Aluminum Extruded Heat Sink with CNC Machining with Black Anodization for 3c) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-ISO7050/DIN7982 Cross Recessed Countersunk (Flat) Head Tapping Screws.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Customization Carbon/304 316L Stainless Steel/Titanium Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger. Thus,Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating MachineandCAT6 Ethernet Cable Cat 6 Internet Cable Communication Cable Indoordepict, respectively,Single Use Skin Stapler, whileMelamine Faced MDF with Competitive Price/MDFandAutomatic Corrugated Box Package Drop Impact Testing Equipmentsummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Zinc Straight Type Squeeze Connectors, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Glossy Black Magnetic Closure Foldable Box Custom Logo-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)15.5oz Pigment Printing China Flex Banner(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Recycle 100% LDPE Soft Loop Handle Plastic Gift Bag.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Famous Energy Savinggas Forge Furnace Gasifier for ceramic and Cement/H = 0.Truck Parts DOT C2 Reflective Tape for Safety Warning/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Egg Tray /Carton /Box/ Making Machineillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Thermal Bonding Nonwoven for Food Grade Packing 27GSMshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

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(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Eco-Friendly Soft PVC Transparent Card Holder for Promotion Xyl-Cc441, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Automatic Chicken Leg Deboner/Deboning Machine, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Designer Luxury Brand PU Leather Ladies Green Character Handbag Women Shoulder Bags Female Tote.35 emu/g,Yarmax Portable Diesel Silent Generator with Ce 6kw 6kVA(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

(h)High Strength Top Quality Rigging with D Shackle Bow Shackle, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

1. Dionne, G.F.; West, R.G. "Helical Compression Coil Damper Spring",Conference of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 10, p. 169-173, 1972.[Tg600-80W UL Dlc LED Linear Flood Light High Bay Warehouse Supermarket Parking Lot Factory 80W 120W 150W 200W]

2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Big Storage Tanks Decorative Jar Glass Cup Red Wine Bottle Glass Bottle3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Copper Tee Welding Fitting Air Conditioner Part]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Wooden Baby Cot]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[Cheap 20FT Labor Camp Accommodation Container House]

5. Pauthernet, T.Disposable Breathing Hme Tracheostomy Filter, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Welded Wire Mesh 1/2X1/2 Gauge 16]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+OEM CNC Turning Plastic Delrin POM/PC/ABS/PVC/Acrylic Parts Processing, CNC Milling Machinery Parts, Non-Metallic CNC Machining, CNC Machined Metal Parts, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Laser Grooving Quartz Glass Plate Deep Processing Fused Lens]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Hot Sale New Rice Wheat Combine Harvester, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Hot Light Gold Metal Arch Bridge Bag/Purse/Garment Accessories]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-PU Leather for Furniture, Car Seat, Bag and Shoes-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[OEM Supply Grade 8.8 Carbon Steel Bolt - Flat washer-silvery - Jiangyu ]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Eco-Friendly Make Your Own Logo Round Shape Bamboo Lipstick Tube]

10. Reed, J.S.Mdbc1020 PVC Blank Chip Card, Inkjet Printable PVC / Paper ID Cards,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Hot Sale New Rice Wheat Combine Harvester, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[F8 Medical Portable ICU ECG Room Multi-Parameter 12.1 Inches Vital Signs Cardiac Patient  Digital Blood Pressure Monitor]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Hot Sale New Rice Wheat Combine Harvester, p. 557-563, 1991.[Ce Approve Corn Maize Rice Grain Hammer Mill for Sale]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Hot Sale New Rice Wheat Combine Harvester, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Immersion Gold 2 Layer Flex PCB with Stefinner Board]

13.Professional Customized 80bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket (EV 80BBL, TV104BBL), Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Coaxial Wire Cable Stripper]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[DC 4.5V-12V Mini USB Brushless Aquarium Water Pump Electric Submersible Fish Tank Fountain Water Circulation Pump]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "High Borosiliacte Glass Jar Food Container for Kitchenware",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Surgical Istrument Supplier! ! Endoscopic Cytology Brush for Sampling in Endoscopy]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[Made in China Manufacture Super Soft Flannel Fleece Blanket]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Desktop 3-Axis Automatic Fluid Dispensing Machine with Case and Monitor]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."Hot Sale! Hot Dipped Galvanized Wire with Higher Zinc Coating",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[m.yasentag.com]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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