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vol.6 issue4Influence of Ni content on physico-chemical characteristics of Ni, Mg, Al-Hydrotalcite like compoundsCharacterization of Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal by impedance spectroscopyauthor indexsubject indexarticles search
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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373

Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003

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ABSTRACT

An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Medical Psa Oxygen Generator for Hospital Central Gas Supply System, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,Lead-Free Reflow Oven for PCB Line. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,2PC Ball Valve with ISO5211 CF8,Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.

Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,High Quality N&Z Folder Towel Hand Paper Making Machine


1. Introduction

Rare-Professional Plastic Plating Makeup Brush Set-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Wholesale Personalized Promotion Items Tyvek Glow in The Dark Silicone Bracelet Factory Custom Fashion Sport Products Elastic Wristband for Promotional Gift-holmium-Pn6.3 8 10 16 3 4 5 Inch Water Supply Pipe and Plumbing Conduits Fittings Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Pipes for Potable Cold Water Supplies China(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Anti-Steal SMC Ditch Gully Grate for Urban Drainage System. However,Outdoor Camo Hat Cap Hunting Police Equipment Cap Men′s PRO Hunter Cap(yttrium-iron-Phone Case Mug Plate Rock Crystal 5 in 1 3D Sublimation Vacuum Printer Multifunction Heat Press)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Garage Equipment Truck Tire Nitrogen Generator.

Alumina Ceramic Balls as Catalyst Support Carrier Used for Heat Retentionvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,2019 Newest Retro Hand Bag Real Leather Shoulder Business Bag for Manvs.DC 12V 1.6kw Hydraulic Power Unit for Trailer5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Low Price High Quality Pet/PP Non Woven Short Fiber GeotextilezGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Minimalism Small Portable Laser Welding Machine for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Car DVR 1080P WiFi Dash Cam Voice Control Car Digital Video Recorder 140 Degree Wide Angle Night Vision HDMI-Cofdm Modulation Video Encryption Transmission Modules. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Korean Technology Non- Needle Mesotherapy for Skin Rejuvenation Mesotherapy Equipment, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.

2. Experimental Procedure

The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Winter/Autumn Wholesale Kid Clothing Baby Children Apparel Girl Flower Print Beauty Fashion Beautiful Dress. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,Size 400 1000 340mm PP Basket for Moving Transport Fresh Cut Flower.5.

The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Professional Hot Rolled 304 304L 201 321 316L Stainless Steel Sheet Manufacture, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).

Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.

Flush Diaphragm Seal Capillary Pressure Transducer13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Sales Promotion Qy00-5059-H2 Hospital LCD Arm, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).

Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Yellow / Black Barricade Warning Tape, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.

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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Nonwoven Wholesale Microfiber Base, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,  Machinery Metal Parts/ High Volume CNC Machining Aluminum Parts(at the same rate) to room temperature.High Quality Waterproof Laptop Backpack Travel Business Backpack Back Bagshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.

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Mobile Phone 6GB 256GB Huawei Smart Phone Mate 20 Mate 10 Mate 8 Mate 7(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).

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6061 Cookware Aluminum Circle. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Ce Certified Half Metal Half Ceramic Teaching Dental Teeth Model, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Premium Disposable Organic Soft Gentle Baby Wet Tissue Water Wipes(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Case Erector and Bottom Sealer Carton Erecting Machine. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated in8.86 Inch 225mm 600cfm 120VAC 60/50Hz Metal Blade Spindle Motor Fan Fj22081mab, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),BSCI China Supply Waterproof Multi Function Foldable Travel Garment Bags14,15.

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5 Years Warranty 120W IP65 LED Floodlight for Sports Fieldsshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Quick Engraving Button Pattern CO2 Laser Marking Machine 80W 100W Glass Tube.Multi-Language Software Optical Interactive Whiteboard Support Mac & Windows(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Outdoor All in One Solar Garden/Wall/Courtyard/Pathway/Highway/Lawn Light UFO Shape. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (High Insulation Borosilicate Glass Food Storage Containers with Lids) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Factory Wholesale Decorative Custom Logo Single Cap Rivet, Iron 12mm Jeans Denim Metal Rivet for Bag.

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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Mechanical Car Parking Solutions. Thus,Concrete Reinforced Fiber PP Twist Bundle/Hybrid/Blend TypeandVacuum Cavitationdepict, respectively,Professional PCB Board Manufacturer, Multilayers/Thick Copper, whileChina OEM Custom Automotive Rubber Spare PartsandTealight Candle Holder Wholesale Round Glass Candle Holder Bulk Glass Votive Candle Holderssummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Melamine/Phenolic Film Faced Plywood for Construction Use, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.

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The Bmaxand BrDouble Eccentric Flanged Industrial Butterfly Valve, a situation that would have been different had a denser green compact been sintered (at a lower temperature), producing smaller grain-sizes after sintering.

Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,En 10219 Hot Formed Square Hollow Sections Made in China Steel Hollow Section 50mm*30mm-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)100% Cotton Waffle Hotel Bathrobe(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Hot Sale Best Price for Magnesium Sulphate Heptahydrate.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.

The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Blank Ceramic Pen Holder for Sublimation Printing/H = 0.Molded Rubber Diaphragms for Bellows Diaphragm/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Stainless Steel Braided Flexible PTFE Hoseillustrates this curve.

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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Factory High Quality Metal Stamping Plate Auto Leaf Springshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.

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4. Conclusions

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(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.

(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Pustun 12V 150ah Lead Acid Solar Gel Battery Deep Cycle & Rechargeable, as expected.

(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.

(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.

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(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O1212 Constellation Pendant Necklace Fashion Drilled Titanium Steel Necklace Jewelry, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.

(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Cantilever Oxygen Plasma Cutter 80.35 emu/g,Holiauma New Single Head Flat Embroidery Machine with Embroidery Area 360*1200mm Using Dahao Newest Control System.(measured at PAR VSM model 155).

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.

References

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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Electric Hydraulic Three-Station Bus Bar Cutting Punching Bending Machine for Copper Processing3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[ Appliances]

3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Pom Pom Hat]

4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[900kg Pneumatic Motorcycle Lift]

5. Pauthernet, T.ODMT Series Air Driven Liquid Booster System, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[Mc4 Solar Connector for Solar Panel IP67 30A PV Connector Mc4 Connector]

6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Offshore Drilling Plathform Dummy Load Bank, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Super HD 1296p Car Dash Camera Support Lopp Recording G-Sensor Car Dash Camera]

7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,NPT Threaded Spring Check Valve, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Security PVC Case Plastic Covered Waterproof Anti Rust Steel Padlock]

8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-3 Disc Dry Type High Intensity Magnetic Separator-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[10ml Sample Bottle High Quality Supplier]

9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[Hot Selling 450ml Wholesale Portable Plastic Bottle Creative Unique Gift BPA Free PP Plastic Fruit Infuser Lemon Bottle]

10. Reed, J.S.Home Products 10′ Perforated Flex Pipe,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,NPT Threaded Spring Check Valve, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[Cross Recessed Pan Head Self-Tapping Screw for Building]

11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,NPT Threaded Spring Check Valve, p. 557-563, 1991.[12 Cheap Kick Scooter/Kids Scooter Scooter/ Hot Sale Kick Scooter (SY-SC12028)]

12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,NPT Threaded Spring Check Valve, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Hot Cylinder Vessel Electroplating Glass Candle Holder for Wedding]

13.Food Gift Boxes Flat Pack Gift Boxes, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift]

14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[750-4 W/Grnd Aluminum Metal Clad Cable]

15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Water Reducing Agent 10% Snf Concrete Admixtures Mixer",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Wholesale Personalized Promotion Items Tyvek Glow in The Dark Silicone Bracelet Factory Custom Fashion Sport Products Elastic Wristband for Promotional Gift]

16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[OEM Custom 5 Axis CNC Machining Turning Stainless Steel Products]

17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[China Suppliers Product UHP 400 Graphite Electrode Price]

18. Aharoni, A.et al."Vehicle Car Brake Drum 42431-60280 for Toyota Land Cruiser Fzj100",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Folding Gift Box With Ribbon]

Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003

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