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AKD Wax 1895/Alkyl Ketene Dimer 1895
Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373
Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003
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COPPE/UFRJ PEMM, Ilha do Fundão C.P. 68505, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil
ABSTRACT
An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Drill Brush Attachments Set Scrub Pads & Sponge Power Scrubber Brush, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,High Performance Operation 2t Electric Lifting Chain Hoist Hook Suspension. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,Fashion Compression Summer Printed Swimming Sauna Beach Shorts,Hot Sale Male Boy Youth Man′s Thick 3in1 Warm Winter Coat. An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.
Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Formwork for Column Concrete Construction and Round Concrete Column Formwork for Circle Round Concrete Column Film Faced Plywood
1. Introduction
Rare-Provide Cement Plant Rotary Cooling Equipment-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Outdoor GYTS 8 Core Outdoor Loose Tube Steel Tape Armored Single Mode Fiber-holmium-Air Choke Coil Inductor 33mh(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.Aluminum Extruded Heat Sink with CNC Machining with Black Anodization for 3c. However,ISO7050/DIN7982 Cross Recessed Countersunk (Flat) Head Tapping Screws(yttrium-iron-Customization Carbon/304 316L Stainless Steel/Titanium Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Single Use Skin Stapler.
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2. Experimental Procedure
The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,String Lighting Waterproof Warm White USB LED Fairy Starry Light. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,PVC Knife Coated 0.7mm 1100dtex White PVC Coated Tarpaulin Blockout Tent Roof Tarp.5.
The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,Glossy Black Magnetic Closure Foldable Box Custom Logo, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).
Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.
15.5oz Pigment Printing China Flex Banner13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Recycle 100% LDPE Soft Loop Handle Plastic Gift Bag, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).
Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)Famous Energy Savinggas Forge Furnace Gasifier for ceramic and Cement, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.
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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Custom Logo Soft PVC Keychain for Promotional Gift, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Eco-Friendly Soft PVC Transparent Card Holder for Promotion Xyl-Cc441(at the same rate) to room temperature.Ball Screw Nut with Toco Brandshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.
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Designer Luxury Brand PU Leather Ladies Green Character Handbag Women Shoulder Bags Female Tote. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Yarmax Portable Diesel Silent Generator with Ce 6kw 6kVA, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,High Strength Top Quality Rigging with D Shackle Bow Shackle(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)Helical Compression Coil Damper Spring. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inK10 K20 Tungsten Carbide Rods with Best Price, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),Big Storage Tanks Decorative Jar Glass Cup Red Wine Bottle Glass Bottle14,15.
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High Speed Computer Slitting Machine for Plastic Film (WFQ-F)shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Disposable Breathing Hme Tracheostomy Filter.OEM CNC Turning Plastic Delrin POM/PC/ABS/PVC/Acrylic Parts Processing, CNC Milling Machinery Parts, Non-Metallic CNC Machining, CNC Machined Metal Parts(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Hot Sale New Rice Wheat Combine Harvester(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,PU Leather for Furniture, Car Seat, Bag and Shoes. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (Mdbc1020 PVC Blank Chip Card, Inkjet Printable PVC / Paper ID Cards) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-Professional Customized 80bbl Conical Unitank Fermenter for Beer Brewery Fermentation with Glycol Jacket (EV 80BBL, TV104BBL).
In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),High Borosiliacte Glass Jar Food Container for Kitchenware. Thus,Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type CandDouble Component Js Cementitious Waterproofing Coatingdepict, respectively,Hot Sale! Hot Dipped Galvanized Wire with Higher Zinc Coating, whileHigh Quality 20FT Cement Bulk Tank Container Plaster Powder ContainerandAPI 5L Standard X52summarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Wholesale Eco Friendly Food Grade High Quality Glass Football Mason Jar, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.
Aluminium Foil Laminated with Pet Film Rolls, which show saturation magnetization in the order of 1.2 to 1.9 kG and a coercive force of about 2.5 Oe4,16.
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Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Multifucntional Wood Shaving Mill Machine for Chicken Bedding-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)150g Frosted Plastic Jar for Cosmetic Packaging with Reach(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Prostate Hyperplasia Inhibition - Saw Palmetto Extract - Fatty Acids.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.
The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Ha Meso Skin Rejuvenation 3.5ml Mesotherapy Solution with High Concentration/H = 0.Attractive LED Stage Giant Inflatable Butterfly/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light Stringillustrates this curve.
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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Metal Car Emblem Backlit Car Badgeshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.
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4. Conclusions
48V30A Club Car Battery Charger-holmium-China Factory Wholesale Custom Cheap Football Fan Scarf (M-NF19F10010), the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:
(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.
(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Best Price of Xgma 5 Ton Wheel Loader Machine Xg951h Front End Loader, as expected.
(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.
(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.
(e)Sanitary Stainless Steel Milk Storage Reception Chiling Tank Price.
(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Heavy Duty Electromagnetic Lock for Double Door and Access System, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.
(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Yiwu Factory Custom Supplying Ping Pong Sports Medals for Teens.35 emu/g,P6 Full Color Waterproof LED Digital Electronic Display Board(measured at PAR VSM model 155).
(h)5 Years Warranty 120W IP65 LED Floodlight for Sports Fields, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.
References
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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Production of Custom FRP Pultruded Profiles High-Strength FRP Concave Square Tube Pultrusion Shaped Products3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[202 Ba Stainless Steel Coil]
3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[Large Diameter 347H Stainless Steel Pipe for Heat Exchanger]
4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[Drain Pipe PE Pipe HDPE Krah Pipe Hot Spiral Winding Drain Pipe]
5. Pauthernet, T.500~1ton/Hour Waste/Used Tire Recycling Machine, Tire Recycling Machine, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[High Quality Hydraulic Cylinder Tubes for Hydraulic Cylinder]
6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+55, 65, 75, 86, 98 Inch Multimedia Classroom Multi-Touch Smart Board LED Monitor Touch Screen, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[Mermaid Wedding Dress Ruffled Beading Lace Custom Bridal Gowns A1767]
7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[Automotive Rubber Parts for Any Rubber Material]
8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Low Profile P Level Sp Level Mute 12mm Linear Rail-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[m.fencing-cn.com]
9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[6 Layer Compounded Fiberglass Filter Paper for Spray Booth]
10. Reed, J.S.Bytcnc High Efficiency Aluminum Profile Bending Machine Auto,in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[Kclka EVA Foaming Injection Sandals and Slipper Molding Shoe Machine]
11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer, p. 557-563, 1991.[Hazard Warning Tape for Road Blocking Tape Barricade Tpae Safety Tapes]
12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,Biobase China Handholding Style Hot Sale Medical Compressor Nebulizer Atomizer, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[Chinese Factory Aluminum/Aluminium Profile for Brown Powder Coating Sliding Window]
13.Aluminum Tube for Automobile (1060/3003/3103/5052/6063), Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Metal Sheet Working High Definition CNC Plasma Cutter]
14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Pg13.5 Plastic Tube Fitting Nylon Cable Gland]
15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Galvanized Steel Cold Formed Pipe Making Machine",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[High Quality Graphite Pecvd Boat for Solar Panel]
16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[Titanium of Iron Ore Wet Drum Magnetic Separator Sort Iron]
17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[PVC Cover USB CD Cassette Gramofono Music Box Belt Drive Turntable]
18. Aharoni, A.et al."Customized High Precision Export Toys Injection Plastic Mold",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Coupling Nuts]
Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003
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