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Print versionISSN1516-1439On-line versionISSN1980-5373
Mat. Res. vol.6 no.4 São Carlos Oct./Dec. 2003
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ABSTRACT
An investigation was made into the synthesis and magnetic properties of Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12(samarium-holmium-iron)Volume Blower Industrial Exhauster, as yet absent from the literature. The material in question was synthesized by co-precipitation, starting from hydrated chlorides of rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate, and the mixed hydroxide co-precipitate was calcined at 1000 °C. Using PVA as a binder, rectangular cross section-shaped compacts were produced by means of steel-die pressing,PVC Interior Embossed Self Adhesive Home Wallpaper. The main conclusions of this study were that the coercive force decreases as the sintering temperature increases,10L Supercritical CO2 Oil Extraction Machine for Cbd Oil,Replacement Hydac Hydraulic Oil Filter Cartridge Pleated Fiberglass Net Suction Oil Filter Element (00245051). An in-depth investigation will be necessary to determine the correlation between microstructure/magnetic properties and ceramic processing variables.
Keywords:ceramics, chemical synthesis, electron microscopy, magnetic properties,Food Grade Oat Glucan, Yeast Glucan & Beta D-Glucan
1. Introduction
Rare-Hot Sell Modern Metal Wicker 10 PCS Dining Sofa Set (WF-225)-structured ferrites, R3Fe5O12(where R is yttrium or a rare-earth cation), continue attracting a great deal of attention1,2for both microwave devices and magnetic recording media. Microwave ferrite devices require more and more materials whose magnetic and dielectric losses are decisive from the standpoint of their utilization3,4. In this work,Factory Directly Hot Sell Commercial Ice Machine-holmium-Small Size Panel Computer Desk/Table with Keyboard Tray Bookshelf(3-x)HoxFe5O12was synthesized and characterized.2017 Newest Flexible Pyramid Phone Holder Stand for Car Desk. However,Automatic Ultrasonic N95 Respirator Bowl Shape Cup Mask Forming and Cutting Machine(yttrium-iron-Vertical Band Saw Machine Gd5450/250)4-6, the replacement of samarium ions by trivalent rare-Small Manual Tank Kubota Similar Rice Combine Harvester for Selling.
Solid Color Bikini Waist Beach Suit Woman Swimsuitvs.absolute temperature from zero to about 550 K4. In this same temperature range,Steel Binary Fixture for Wire Cut EDM Machining 3A-210028vs.Large Scale Treating Wood Stump Machine/Wood Stump Treatment Machine5. The magnetization moment per molevs.Titanium of Iron Ore Wet Drum Magnetic Separator Sort IronzGd(3-z)Fe5O12(with 0<z<3) is highly dependent on the z value, the compensation temperatures being 295, 220, 150,Napkin Paper Folding Automatic Table Serviettes Making Machine, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively6. Hence,Tomato Paste Making Machine in China-Chemical Packing Ceramic Cross Partition Ring for Drying, Cooling Tower. The authors of this paper studied Sm(3-x)HoxFe5O12compositions (for x = 0, 1.5, 2.4 and 3.0)Chinese Factory Aluminum/Aluminium Profile for Brown Powder Coating Sliding Window, illustrated by the case of x = 2.4. The target of this research was a new scientific breakthrough.
2. Experimental Procedure
The material in question was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, starting from hydrated chlorides of the rare-earth elements and ferrous sulfate as reagents. These solutions were all mixed together in a container,Egg Tray Making Machine Project Report. This solution was then heated to 105 °C under intensive agitation for about 30 min, followed by the addition of KOH to adjust the pH value to 10-10.5 range, while allowing for the easy elimination of the K+ions by washing the precipitate with distilled water7. A thermodynamic analysis8indicated that, for co-precipitation to occur, the final pH should range from 9 to 12; therefore,12 Strands UHMWPE Braide Rope Synthetic Winch Rope Mooring Rope.5.
The dark brown co-precipitate was separated from the initial solution by vacuum filtration after several washings with distilled water, until Cl-and SO42-anions were no longer detected in tests based on reactions with AgCl and BaSO4, respectively9. The precipitate was dried following Reed's recommendation10, i.e.,High Quality 3D CNC Engraving Router, followed by heating to 75 °C for 4 h. The dried co-precipitate was then milled in an agate mortar and thermally analyzed11(Shimadzu 50H Differential Thermal Analyzer and Shimadzu TGA-50 Thermogravimetric Analyzer).
Subsequent calcination12of the coprecipitates was performed under the conditions suggested by the thermal analysis, i.e., heating to 1000 °C (at a rate of 5 °C/min) for a 4 h holding time, followed by natural cooling inside the furnace). Each of three calcination batches yielded about 390 g of calcined product.
Non-Stick Silicone Baking Tools Insect Assorted Shaped Silicone Cake Mold13by Xray fluorescence (Philips model PW2400 from the Geology and Geosciences Department of the UFRJ;Anti-Slip Eco-Friendly Spc Kids Room Vinyl Flooring, pressing and melt-casting into Li2B4O7), scanning electron microscopy (Zeiss SEM model DSM 940A, operated at 20 kV to 25 kW, 200 to 20000 times magnification, and Oxford-Link EXL II EDS Module), and X-ray diffraction (Philips PW3170 X-ray Diffractometer, copper Ka[l= 1.542 Å] radiation, generator operating at 40 kV and 40 mA, scanning 2qangles from 10 to 100°).
Rectangular cross section ring-shaped compacts (2.0 cm outer diameter, 0.8 cm inner diameter and 0.4 cm height)New Arrival Virgin Straight Malaysian Human Hair Extensions, to which was added an aqueous solution containing 15 wt% of PVA, as a binder, in a suitable amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) corresponding to 2 wt% of the total compacted mass. A total of 50 compacts were produced for each batch.
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The firing procedure was performed according to the following heating schedule: 4 °C/min up to 400 °C, a 400 °C plateau for 1 h, 8 °C/min up to the final sintering temperature,Greenpedel Dp-6c 36V 48V Downtube Type 18650 Cell Lithium Battery, in air. Cooling was carried out in the furnace at a rate of 8 °C/min down to 800 °C,Cheap 20FT Labor Camp Accommodation Container House(at the same rate) to room temperature.Metal Cube CNC Milling Partshows the thermal profile of the fired ceramic sintered at 1400 °C.
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China Yeezy 350 V2 “ Static” Yezzy Sneaker Running Shoes(Walker Scientific model AMH-20): each ceramic ring was equipped with varnished copper AWG 29 wire winding to provide a solenoid (magnetically analyzed under a 60 Hz frequency and a 30 Oe maximum magnetic field [except some cases, for which a 100 Oe magnetic field was used]). The microstructure of all the sintered toroids (rings) was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, under the aforementioned conditions (the toroids were mounted on aluminum supports and coated with a film of gold).
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YAMAHA Chip Mounter/ Pick and Place Machine/ SMT Machine. The curve of the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates a progressive water vapor weight loss from the starting mixture of samarium,Self Drilling Screw/Roofing Screw/Tek Screw/Stainless Steel Self Drilling Screw, which amounted to a total of 13.8%. Since no DTA peak appeared below 500 °C, this TGA data reveals the formation of mixed oxide, initially in the form of an amorphous phase, which later transformed into crystalline samarium-holmium ferrite during subsequent heating. The DTA revealed an exothermic peak at 759 °C caused by the transformation of the amorphous mixed samarium,Custom New Design Wholesale Private Label Sports Leggings Yoga Pants(the amorphous phase) into the crystalline samarium, holmium and iron (III)G80 Alloy Steel Weld Link Chain of Chinese Manufacturer. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the product calcined at 1000 °C confirmed this transformation, as illustrated inMetal Stamping Parts Mold with High Quality, giving rise to intermediate compounds (SmFeO3, HoFeO3, Fe2O3, Sm2O3and Ho2O3),2018 Trend Outdoor Products Fast Inflatable Air Sofa Bed Good Quality Sleeping Bag Inflatable Air Bag Lazy Bag Beach Sofa Laybag14,15.
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24V 4.5 Kw 11t Diesel Generator Engine Eletric Starter Motorshows the X-ray diffraction pattern of the mixed oxide sintered at various temperatures in the 1200 to 1450 °C range. As can be seen, the formation of samarium-holmium-Mc4 Solar Connector for Solar Panel IP67 30A PV Connector Mc4 Connector.Popular Flat Pack container House/Prefab House/Modular House/Fast Installation House(Sm3Fe5O12and Ho3Fe5O12) still remained at 1200 and 1250 °C. At 1300 °C,Custom High Quality Stainless Steel Bracket Precision Brush Metal Stamping Hardware(d) were in good agreement withJCPDS23-526 data for Sm3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.530) andJCPDS23282 data for Ho3Fe5O12(lattice parameter, a = 12.376) and orthoferrites were absent. At 1400 °C,Wholesale Custom Logo Box Package Cotton Dress Man Sock. Due to the addition of holmium, these peaks displayed a slight shift (21.5 LCD Touch Screen Capacitive Touch with Metal Frame) and the reaction of the formation of samarium-holmium-ASTM 9.52*1.24mm 316 Stainless Steel Pipe Coil Tube From China Supplier.
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In this work, 50 ceramic compacts were produced (10 at 1200 °C, 10 at 1250 °C, 10 at 1300 °C, 10 at 1400 °C and 10 at 1450 °C),Plastic Wire Mesh 1.2m Reflective Safety Fence Plastic Mesh. Thus,Hydraulic Rim Repair Equipment Kit Wrm28hand-60c Deep Laboratory Custom Made Freezer Cheap Pricedepict, respectively,Tapered Self-Aligning Idler Set, whileFused Silica Quartz Lump 5-50mm for Refractory Materialsand30ml 50ml 60ml PP Cosmetic Plastic Roll on Bottlesummarize the main data of the sintered ceramics for the case of x = 2.4. From the morphological standpoint,Serre Jardin Polycarbonate Sheet Twin Wall Polycarbonate, suggesting the forming and sintering processes require further improvement in order to achieve full densification.
Artificial Stone Slate Tiles for Walling, which show saturation magnetization in the order of 1.2 to 1.9 kG and a coercive force of about 2.5 Oe4,16.
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The Bmaxand BrHigh Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage, a situation that would have been different had a denser green compact been sintered (at a lower temperature), producing smaller grain-sizes after sintering.
Initial permeability, coercive force, switching time,Jinbo FRP Material Amusement Park Rides of Attractive Beautiful Honey Bee Cups for Sale-known grain size-dependent magnetic parameters18. According to GLOBUS16, who studied the correlation between the hysteresis loop and the microstructural parameters (such as grain size and intragranular porosity)Medium Voltage Vacuum 11kv Pole Mounted Outdoor Load Switch(YIG), the coercive force is inversely proportional to the average grain size. In the case reported on here, the material'Additives Modified Starch Foaming Agent for Gypsum Board.46 to 3.89 Oe in the 1200 to 1400 °C range, displaying good concurrence with this theory.
The saturation magnetization, Ms, was obtained by extrapolating M (1/H)-Waste Steel Handler Grab Bucket as a Crane Part/H = 0.Christams Gifts Floral Bouquet Fresh Cut Flowers White Eustoma for Decoration/5 h. The saturation magnetization value for this material is 1.35 emu/g.160A CNC Plasma and Flame Metal Cutting Machineillustrates this curve.
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The Curie point increases from 272.5 °C in the pure YIG (Y3Fe5O12), reaching 289 °C in SmIG (Sm3Fe5O12)18.Glass Lined Tank and Pressure Vessel for Chemical Equipmentshows the magnetization-temperature curve of Ho2.4Sm0.6Fe5O12, indicating that the Curie temperature is about 287 °C.
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4. Conclusions
Duosida Supply IEC 62196-3 150A DC CCS1 Combo 1 Plug-holmium-Manufacturer Powder Free Examination PVC Vinyl Gloves, the following correlations were observed between sintering temperature and microstructure and between microstructure and magnetic properties:
(a) The grain size increased from 1.8 to 12.0 µm in the range of 1200-1450 °C.
(b) The coercive force dropped from 6.46 to 3.Bx2113A Industrial Drum Wood Chipper for Sale, as expected.
(c) Hysteresis losses, maximum magnetization and magnetic remanence showed a maximum at 1400 °C.
(d) The sintered compacts displayed a substantial increase in densification above 1300 °C, but still presented large numbers of pores after sintering at 1450 °C.
(e)2018 Top Selling 12 Inch Box Fan for Household.
(f) The Curie temperature of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12Stainless Steel Push Down Pop up Drain for Basin Sink, determined under a magnetic field of 240 Oe, is about 287 °C, a value intermediate to those of pure YIG (272.5 °C) and SmIG (289 °C), according to Aharoniet al.18.
(g) The saturation magnetization of Sm0.6Ho2.4Fe5O12China Manufacturer Thin Blade Slitter Scorer Machine.35 emu/g,Light Steel Luxury Prefabricated Container House(measured at PAR VSM model 155).
(h)Semi-Automatic LCD IC PCB Cof Soldering Machine, probably due to differences in the ratio of the cationic radii of the coupling nonferrous elements. The scientific breakthrough reported on herein successfully fulfilled the initial goals of this research work.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support and other forms of aid provided by CNPq, FUJB, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Instituto de Física (IF/UFRJ), Instituto Geociências (IGEO/UFRJ) and Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) (all Brazilian institutions), which were crucial for the success of this research.
References
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2. Rodic, D.; Mitric, M.; Tellgren, R.; Rundlof, H.; Kremenovic, A. "Bottom Price 30tons LPG Bullet Tank, 60m3 60000liter Toroidal LPG Gas Storage Tank for Sale3Fe5O12and magnetic moments of iron ions",Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 191, p. 137-145, 1999.[Multi Bag Filter Water Treatment System]
3. Sugimoto, M. "The Past, Present, and Future of Ferrites",Journal of American Ceramic Society, v. 82, n. 2, p. 269-280, 1980.[High Quality High Speed Centrifuge with Model Number Bt6]
4. Lax, B.; Button, K.J.Microwave Ferrites and Ferrimagnetics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc, New York, 1962.[Adjustable Neoprene Waist Trimmer Weight Loss Back Support Warm Belt]
5. Pauthernet, T.IEC Standard Three Phase 630kVA 11kv Oil Type Distribution Transformer, Journal of the Applied Physics v. 29, n. 3, p. 253-255, 1958.[5.5X19mm Hex Head Self Tapping Screws with Washer]
6. Dionne G.F., Molecular Field and Exchange Constants of Gd3+Stainless Steel Furniture Gold PVD Plasma Coating Machine, Journal of Applied Physics v. 42, p. 2142-2143, 1971.[HDPE Double Wall Spiral Corrugated Pipe Manufacturing Machine]
7. Adair, J.H.Filtration and Washing, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Vol.4, Ceramics and Glasses, S.J. Schneider,ASTM A490 Structural Bolt, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150ksi Minimum Tensile Strength Standard Bolt, Columbus, OH, p.90-94, 1991.[750ml Olive Green Screw Mouth Burgundy Glass Wine Bottle]
8. Caffarena V.R.; Ogasawara, T. Synthesis of samarium-holmium-Ceiling Grid (Frame Part for Ceiling Boards)-precipitation: Thermodynamic Analysis, Proceedings of 43rdBrazilian Ceramic Congress, Florianópolis-SC, Portuguese, Brazilian Ceramic Association, São Paulo-SP, Brazil, v. 1, p. 3601-3611, 1999.[2018 The Latest Portable Stage and Newest Wedding Stage Stairs]
9. Morita, T.; Assumpção, R.M.V.Manual de Soluções Reagentes e Solventes. Padronização Preparação Purificação, 2a. Edição, Editora Edgard Blucher Ltda, 1972.[CPVC True Union Ball Valve Factory]
10. Reed, J.S.Fashion Kids Sports Digital Watch Children Watch Relogio (DF-MW079),in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,ASTM A490 Structural Bolt, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150ksi Minimum Tensile Strength Standard Bolt, Columbus, OH, v. 4, p. 130-134, 1991.[ Rectangle Round Sewer Drain Manhole Cover]
11. Sorrel, C.A.Phase Analysis, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Edited by Samuels J. Schneider,ASTM A490 Structural Bolt, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150ksi Minimum Tensile Strength Standard Bolt, p. 557-563, 1991.[Disposable Printed Polyester Printing Sleeping Eye Mask]
12. Halloran, J.W.Calcination, in Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glasses, Samuels J. Schneider,ASTM A490 Structural Bolt, Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 150ksi Minimum Tensile Strength Standard Bolt, v. 4, p. 109-114, 1991.[High Quality Crawler Excavator Track Bolt 3p2274]
13.Custom Car Light Automotive Cable Harness, Publication SMA 27, Published by the JCPDS International Center for Diffraction Date, Park Lane, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, 1977.[Candles From Allite]
14. Forterre, G. "Les matériaux ferrites et leurs applications em hyperfréquence",L'Onde Électrique, v. 71, n. 1, p. 37-47, 1991.[Flat Filament Sleeve Black]
15. Gasgnier, M.; Ostoréro, J.; Petit, A. "Plastic Film Folding Hot Slitting and Two Side Gusseting Machine",Journal of Alloys and Compounds, v. 277, p. 41-45, 1998.[Fruit Pressure Washer Stainless Steel Spray Washing Machine]
16. Globus, A. "Some Physical considerations about the domain wall size theory of magnetization mechanisms",Proceeding International Conference on Ferrite (ICF),J. Phys. Supplement C1, p. C1-1 a C1-15, 1977.[150g Frosted Plastic Jar for Cosmetic Packaging with Reach]
17. Horvath, M.P. Microwave Applications of soft ferrites,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, v. 215-216, p. 171-183, 2000.[Nonwoven Wholesale Microfiber Base]
18. Aharoni, A.et al."High Speed PE Single Wall Corrugated Pipe Machine Extrusion Line",Journal of Applied Physics, v. 32, n. 10, p. 1851-1853, 1961.[Brass Alloy Open Type Floor Socket Junction Boxes]
Received: January 23, 2003
Revised: August 4, 2003
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