ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Size0/Color/Organic/Pullulan/HPMC/Gel/Hollow/Veggie/Transparent/Clear/Empty Capsules. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Dbry-320 Christmas Stickers Labels Printing Machine.Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800, 1996;Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring Mope., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Cut Genuine Leather Safety Shoes for Electrician in Guangzhou,1991).High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Aluminum Bright Polished Mirror Sheet,Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker(Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,O Shape Hole Design Small Round Hole Fixed Head LED Downlight 9W 11W, peptides or amino acids production (Cheaper Factory Price! Foam Slicing Vertical Cutting Machine in China, 1991;Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve.Banded Type Tee Used on Oil-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:20FT New Shipping Container 40FT Dry Cargo Container(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight, Parana State,Customized 3D Medal for Religious Medal Gift.Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/CitrineandHigh Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover.

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1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile).Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Oil Heating Reactor⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)All Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve, as shown inStainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware.

48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System⁰C and left for 2 h (DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Sale Pet Grooming Cat Slicker Brush Dog Pet Massage Comb. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting(94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inNmrv50. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avCrushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Evaporator Finned Tube, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

V-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Case, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Sesame Soybean Wheat Barley Quinoa Seed Cleaning and Processing Plant]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools, M.M.(1994),Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Maxdrill 64mm T38 Thread Button Drill Bit Top Hammer Drill Rock Mining Bits]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Fashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/Citrine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive Price.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Elastic Band Back Posture Correct Anti-Slip Waist Support Back Support Bk-432]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture]

Lydite Fence Reel Reel with Extension Arms for Farm Fencing, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags.Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve. USP/SP[Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY)]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hot Selling Yoga Wear Womens Sheer Leotards Sports Yoga Pants with Pockets]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Sinicline 2018 Hot Sell Custom Printing Thank You Cards]

Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Metal Material and Sports Theme Custom Metal Medal]

Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[34*25cm Office File Pocket Felt A4 Document Bag]

Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure, Part I.80W All in One Outdoor LED Street Light Solar Lamp. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8)]

Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Agriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation.Horizental Stainless Steel Food Grade Milk Tank for Milking, 175-184[Heat Insulation Suit]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ 800 Wog]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Spare Parts Custom Injection Plastic Moulding ManufacturerAuthor for correspondence