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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc
ABSTRACT
High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments.Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials;New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1996;Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21,1991).Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1),Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use(U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String, peptides or amino acids production (D Section Stainless Steel Tube, 1991;Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook.Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles, Parana State,Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc.Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAutomatic Pet Plastic Glass Bottle Pure Water Treatment Filter Purifier Juice Beverage Liquid Filling Sealing Bottling Labeling Packing Packaging MachineandHigh Pressure CF8 CF8m Stainless Steel Socket Welded Ball Valve.
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Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen).Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord, as shown inBimetallic Thermometer Industrial Temperature Gauge.
Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck0C and left for 2 h (UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale(Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAutomatic Non-Woven T-Shirt Bag Making Machine with High Efficient. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machineand1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor. Enzymatic (Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter)Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor(sulfuric acid)Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage(U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature.Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridgeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product, but not shown inMechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part,Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails,1996).
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Pink French Loop Terry Knit Fabric for JacketandOmni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Tableshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws.Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inTransparent LED Display P3.91 Glass Wall LED Screen, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate(Condell et al.,1993) .
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0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King,Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring) (Reis et al.,1989;D Section Stainless Steel Tube.,1991;Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine.,1991).Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters, Drum Lifters Handling Equipment Lm800) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Compatible MEK MP1000/MP700 NIBP Hose]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi, M.M.(1994),Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Steel & Plastic Drums Lifters]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Bottling Machine Auto Filling Machine Hot Sale Bottled Pulp Juice Filling Machine]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Customized Printed Air Bubble Mailer Bag Padded Plastic Mailing Bags Courier Envelope]
Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware. USP/SP[Automatic Loading & Unloading System Tumble Belt Shot Blasting Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Chemical Industry Filter Cloth Press Filter Fabric]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label]
Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Digital Printing Football Fans Flag]
Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet]
Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine, Part I.Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light]
STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel.Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, 175-184[Cinema Room Furniture]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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