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ABSTRACT

Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware. After enzymatic hydrolysis,GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable.Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall;Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1996;35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings,1991).Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder,Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector(STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316, peptides or amino acids production (Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco, 1991;Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material.Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot, Parana State,Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAtf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing MachineandAutomatic Liquid Tomato Paste Sauce Packaging Bag Pouch Packing Machine.

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Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case).Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth, as shown inHydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600.

Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502⁰C and left for 2 h (24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serum). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge(11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLow Voltage Three Phase Choke Coil Filter Reactor In Pfc. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die CastingandDiaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992. Enzymatic (4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf)Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine(sulfuric acid)Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection(STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack.High Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulationshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHeat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers, but not shown in6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder,ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,,1996).

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Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valvesand32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mallshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie.Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inChicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room,Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder) (Reis et al.,1989;Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco.,1991;35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel.,1991).Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights.

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CONCLUSIONS

Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Christmas Day Gift Watch for Men and Women (DC-719)]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine, M.M.(1994),Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Elbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Anti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining Chair]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Manufacturer Home PVC Wallpaper Rolls Hotel Wall Paper]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Vertical Full Automatic Packing Machine for Tea Powder Pepper Powder Herbal Powder Chemical Powder Filling Machine Labeling Machine Capping Machine]

Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side.High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes. USP/SP[Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[New Cisco Aironet 1832I Wireless Access Point Air-Ap1832I-a-K9]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor]

Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter]

Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Designed Steel Frame Factory Building]

Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved, Part I.Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW]

Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage.Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, 175-184[Poultry Farm Automatic Broiler Cages Equipments  for Sale]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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