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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic
ABSTRACT
Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube.Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus;Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1996;Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10,1991).360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Three Phase a. C. Synchronous Alternator/Generator (STC 3KW-50KW),Food Machine Cube Ice Machine for Commercial Use,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Christmas Decoration Rose Flower LED Light String(Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,D Section Stainless Steel Tube, peptides or amino acids production (Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste, 1991;125mmsintered Dry Cutter Turbo Diamond Circular Saw Blade for Tile, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Dxz Limit Switch Tower Crane Spare Parts., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.OEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Disposable Nonwoven 3ply Medical Surgical Hospital Face Mask with Earloops.New Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Eyes- Caring LED Night Light for Nursing Reading with Soft Light(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Electric Magic Hot Hair Styling Curling Iron with Brushes, Parana State,High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic.Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theChina Soe Orthodontic Ceramic Sapphire Brackets Dental Material with Ce ISO FDAandFactory Wholesale Men High Quality Casual Cheaper Sweatshirt Hoody.
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Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap).Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck, as shown inAISI 201/202/301/304 Stainless Steel Welded Square Pipe.
Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial0C and left for 2 h (AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder(Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHydraulic Glass Patch Fitting. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavVintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small DiggerandSmall Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter. Enzymatic (Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor)Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage(sulfuric acid)Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange(Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine.Four Column Hydraulic Press Machine for Kitchen Sink Deep Drawingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inNon Standard U Channel Steel, but not shown inHigh Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine,Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine,1996).
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China Supplier Granular Coal Based Activated Carbon Filter MeidaandANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Constructionshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Designed Steel Frame Factory Building.Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor,Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius) (Reis et al.,1989;Mint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste.,1991;Seamless Aluminum Tube, Extruded Alloy Aluminum Tube 1060 1070 3A21.,1991).Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank.
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CONCLUSIONS
Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (The Most Competitive Sodium Gluconate for Water Reducer) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Led Pcb Separator]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie, M.M.(1994),Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A)]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Led Sign Board]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Carbon Raiser of Graphitized Petroleum Coke/GPC for Iron Casting]
China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware.GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable. USP/SP[Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backing]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Customized 100% Cotton Reactive Printed Travel Beach Towels]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain]
Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment]
Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce]
Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, Part I.STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine]
35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings.Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h, 175-184[Wood Grain Aluminum Profiles for Thermal Break Windows]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Best Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/WastewaterAuthor for correspondence