ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine

ABSTRACT

3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net.Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1996;Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware,1991).GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats,Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine(High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter, peptides or amino acids production (STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, 1991;35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup.Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From TiscoAlcalase2.5 L DX,Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve, Parana State,Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMen′s Multifunctional Polyester Outdoor Sports Long Box Fancy Sling Side BagandCounter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve.

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Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard).Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot, as shown inSmelting and Heating Induction Machine (GW-HY187).

Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS⁰C and left for 2 h (Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light(Fashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/Citrine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWood Chips Making Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm).

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAir Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head CoverandDC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge. Enzymatic (3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr)White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile(sulfuric acid)Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear(High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater.Wire Coated by Rare-Earth Zn-Al Alloy/Rare Earth Zinc Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel Wire Strandshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWhite/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile, but not shown inStainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware,High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh,1996).

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94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB MotherboardandPharmaceutical Peptide Ghrp 2 Acetate CAS158861-67-7 Ghrp-2show the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf.Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown in100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack,Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture) (Reis et al.,1989;STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,.,1991;Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids.,1991).ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale.

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CONCLUSIONS

Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Kids Sunglasses]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer, M.M.(1994),Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Melt Pressure Transducer (PT133)]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[450ml Sublimation Stainless Steel Milk Bottle (Colorful)]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Speed PVC Double Wall Corrugated Pipe Machine Extrusion Line]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field]

Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights.Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. USP/SP[Inflatable Sup Surfing / All Round / Race Stand up Paddle Board Surfboard]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Maxdrill 64mm T38 Thread Button Drill Bit Top Hammer Drill Rock Mining Bits]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Marine Electrical Mooring Rope Capstan]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings]

Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170]

Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture]

Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut, Part I.Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals]

Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side.High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes, 175-184[www.bestcontactor.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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