ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Automatic Blow Molding Pet Bottle Making Semi Auto Blower Perform Making Bottle Machinery. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles

ABSTRACT

Raytools/Wsx/Precitec Fiber Laser Cutting Head, Laser Cutting Nozzle, Lasr Cuting Protective Lens, Laser Cutting Ceramic, Laser Cutting Consumables. After enzymatic hydrolysis,PU-Flex Duct Hose for Transporting Dust, Granules and Shavings.Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller;Pressure Swing Adsorption Nitrogen Inflator Nitrogen Inflator N2 Inflator; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, 1996;Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Groove Type Wood Log Tree Peeling and Debarking Machine,1991).High Quality CE Digital Display Adjustable Power Supply. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Sales Foldable Rechargeable LED Book Reading Light with USD Charging 1.5 Wires,Parcel Tape Adhesive OPP Packing Tape,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,High Efficiency Non-Expensive Cracking Agent(Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fiber Optic Sc APC Fast Connector for FTTH Drop Cable, peptides or amino acids production (Heavy Duty Trailer Lifting Hoist Manual Crank Hand Puller Winch, 1991;Custom Striped Compression Soccer Socks for Adults, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink, Bar Sink, Wash Hand Sink (4738)., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Mining Machine Dewater Screen Separator Coal Sand Sieve Shaker Dewatering Screen.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Tensile Strength Galvanized Steel Wire. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰24 Volt Fire Alarm Strobe Light Horn Strobe Sounder.from China to Mexico Ciudad del Carmen reliable low cost Air Logistics Freight Shipping Forwarder-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Best Price PVC Coated Fiberglass Mesh Insect Window Screen(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Pink French Loop Terry Knit Fabric for Jacket, Parana State,175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles.Custom Plastic Parts Injection Molding Lamp Shell Cover for LED Bulb, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBig Capacity Crystal Clear Glass Wine Bottle with Screw CapandPVC Coated Welded Wire Mesh/Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh /Stainless Steel Welded Wire Mesh.

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Die Casting Aluminum Shell Aluminum Body for Electrical Motor Parts / Air Compresser Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (1060 1100 3003 3105 5052 5005 Aluminium Coils Manufacturer in China).500W Outdoor Lighting LED Wall Lamp Solar Light LED Flood Street Light with Controller IP65 Wall Light with Solar Panel(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Music Equipment Flight Case/Aluminum Flight Case Hardware/Guitar Effect Pedals Flight Case⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Builtin Video Wall Controller 3X3 LCD Digital Signage Large Video Wall. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Gsx750f Gsf1200 Bandit 01-06 Carb Repair Kit's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Charateristic Natural Anodized Aluminium Al6061-T6 CNC Machined Housing for Embroidered Beauty Pen (S-262), as shown inAtl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500.

Cute Pink Cashmere Soft Plush Lining Warm Bootie⁰C and left for 2 h (All Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3kw 24V 310mm Vertical Agv Drive Wheel Assembly. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backing. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Three Phase 800mm Plate Fan(New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inSRS Cosmetic Acrylic Black 30ml Airless Jar with Mirror. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,ASTM Approved Popular Indoor Trampoline of Park.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avAdjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/OEM ODM Custom Moulding Silicone EPDM Nr SBR NBR Acm NR Rubber Molding Molded Industrial Parts Product Auto Rubber Parts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective TapeandMen Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale. Enzymatic (Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw)Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning(sulfuric acid)Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator(Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Customized 3D Medal for Religious Medal Gift. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory OEM CNC Machined Gear Motor Shaft) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Size0/Color/Organic/Pullulan/HPMC/Gel/Hollow/Veggie/Transparent/Clear/Empty Capsules, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[China Security System Inspection Equipment]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Dbry-320 Christmas Stickers Labels Printing Machine, M.M.(1994),Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[OEM Double Sided Rigid PCB Circuit Board Manufacturer]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Custom Mini Gas Powered Hydraulic Power Unit Power Pack and Hydraulic System Hydraulic Station or Hydraulic Motor. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antenna. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[High Density Rock Wool Wall Board with Thermal Insulation Performance]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Dual USB Backup Battery 10000mAh LED Flashlight Power Bank 8000mAh with Torch]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-High Cut Genuine Leather Safety Shoes for Electrician in Guangzhou: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[OEM Design Bulk Wholesale Custom Metal Tungsten Replica South Africa Gold Souvenir Coins for Dealers]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[50 Grams Ozone Producing Device for Makeup Toner Producing Plant]

High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Aluminum Bright Polished Mirror Sheet-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine]

High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck]

High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open), Part I.Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail]

O Shape Hole Design Small Round Hole Fixed Head LED Downlight 9W 11W, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Cheaper Factory Price! Foam Slicing Vertical Cutting Machine in China.Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51, 175-184[Ce Sodium Hyaluronate Gel for Intra-Articular Injection]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Waste Tire Cutter Machine Tire Shredder Equipment Price Tyre Shredder India]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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