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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe
High Quality Bleeder Screw for Motorcycle PartsEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody BagI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiPortable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Top Selling Ceiling Tiles/Ceramic Tile Hydraulic Press Making Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Educational Toys, Kid Eduactional Toys House, Children Educational Toys Game
ABSTRACT
Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Auto Spare Parts for Water Pump 19200-Rdv-J01 for Accord.Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Durable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial;Customized Marathon Medal for Marathon Medallion; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder, 1996;Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Hotel Steel Digital Room Safes with Large LED Display,1991).Vintage Antique Home Living Decor Ceiling Crystal Chandelier Pendant Lighting Fixture. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Biogas/Methane Purification System/Desulfurization/Scrubber Tower,Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Popular Custom School Uniform Woven Badge Patch with Merrow Border(Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,1080P HDMI Male to VGA Female Video Cable Cord Converter Adapter for PC Monitor, peptides or amino acids production (Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter, 1991;Electrical Stationary Hoist Tower Crane 500kg Motor, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Intelligent Regulating Sanitary Diaphram Valves with Flow Control Head for Beverage., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Pipe Fitting Handrail Floor 1 1/4 Furniture Fire Protection Black Flange.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine.Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking StrawsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Designed Steel Frame Factory Building, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
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Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Best Price PVC Coated Fiberglass Mesh Insect Window Screen).Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, as shown in43 Meters Truck-Mounted Boom Pump/Pump Truck/Concrete Pump.
Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB1700C and left for 2 h ( 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware(New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in4 Cavity Mold Suppliers for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavFlexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800andCubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings. Enzymatic (Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h)Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder(sulfuric acid)Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup(Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316.6061 T6 T7 Small Size Andonizied Aluminium Pipe with Alloy Triangle Tubeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inTransparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles, but not shown inWhole Producing Line Salt Bath Bomb/Salt Tablet/ Salt Block Making Hydraulic Press Machine,Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder,1996).
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Printed 100% Polyester Tcheap Wholesale Blanketsand150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Lineshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce.Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inTrending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire,Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear) (Reis et al.,1989;Small Laser Cutting Engraving Machine ABS PVC MDF Engraver Cutter.,1991;Lady Kids Child Yoga Clothes Gym Fitness Sports Wear.,1991).PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs.
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CONCLUSIONS
Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate) for the financial support.
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Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Hydraulic Lift Electric Drilling Rig with Large Torque]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS, M.M.(1994),Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[21.5′′ Wall Mount Display Capacitive Touch Monitor]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Coffee Cup Paper Cup Plastic Cup Lid Cover Tray Plate Container Clamshell Package Thermoforming Forming Making Machine]
Heidemann, E.(1997),CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm).Leder 48,(5),99-104[EPDM Rubber Floor Mat]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[PVC Cabinet Construction Board]
Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag.Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length. USP/SP[Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Economic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Super Starlight Camera]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Rg178 Coaxial Cable with Ipex/Ipx Female to SMA Male Right Angle]
Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce]
Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Stainless Steel HK Series Needle Roller Bearing HK0408]
Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction, Part I.DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A]
3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile.Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear, 175-184[China Flex PCB]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open)Author for correspondence