ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Socket Flange. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves.Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine;Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift, 1996;Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars,1991).CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting,Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router(Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Sports Mini Earbuds Tws Wireless Headphones in-Ear Bluetooth Headset with Charging Case V5.0, peptides or amino acids production (Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture, Auto and Shoes, 1991;Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Baking Stone Cookware., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Portable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608.Carbon Raiser of Graphitized Petroleum Coke/GPC for Iron Casting-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Square Decorative Stainless Steel Crimped Wire Mesh, Parana State,Non Standard U Channel Steel.Mold Injection Molding Plastic Products White PC Housing, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theJqx62f Nc 100A 220VAC Coil Voltage Electromagnetic High Power RelayandHolland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden.

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Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC).Stainless Steel Metric Female Flat Seat Hose Fittings(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Multi Color Spade Made of Steel and Panting. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Sheet Metal Roofing Shingles Guangzhou Roofing Shingle Make in Good Quality's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Automatic 0.5-1.2mm Aluminum Channel Letter Bending Flanging Machine, as shown inSize 000 Clear Pullulan Vegetarian Capsules.

New Condition Hot Sale Type Air Cooled Ice Cube Maker⁰C and left for 2 h (Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Stainless Steel Hinge Pin, Locking Hinge Pin. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'VHDCI Connector, 100p, Solder 0.8mm Pitch(Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChildren Crafts Toys Birch Basswood Laser Cutting Plywood. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,6061 T6 T7 Small Size Andonizied Aluminium Pipe with Alloy Triangle Tube.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avK-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/100W 120W 150W Outdoor Solar LED Street Lighting, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600.Ferrule Woven Rope Wire Mesh /SS316 Decorative Rope Meshshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.HDPE Geomembrane Lining Price for Pond Liner Film(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWater Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System, but not shown inDurable Aluminum Flag Pole with Dome Top Tangle Free Finial,China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift,1996).

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IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Steam Sleeping Eye Mask, Heated Eye Mask, Eye Steam Mask,Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder) (Reis et al.,1989;Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture, Auto and Shoes.,1991;Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA.,1991).Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm.

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CONCLUSIONS

Jk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (60W All-in-One PIR Sensor Die-Aluminum Solar Street Light Price) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[18 Watt Round Led Panel Light]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Medical Supply, Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#, M.M.(1994),Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Portable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Groove Type Wood Log Tree Peeling and Debarking Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Hex Thin Head Nut]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Modern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom Furniture]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank Hats.Leder 48,(5),99-104[OEM/ODM Sport Hand Wrist Knitted Elastic Palm Wrist Support Brace]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails]

Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Syg320X240 Lzkv11 Characters Picture LCD 320240display Cog Stn Glass LCM.High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo. USP/SP[Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Charateristic Natural Anodized Aluminium Al6061-T6 CNC Machined Housing for Embroidered Beauty Pen (S-262)]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price]

Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card]

Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting]

Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set, Part I.Mouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ Painting Canvas]

Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder.Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling, 175-184[Baby Pedicure Set]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ Safe Lock (AL-206)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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