ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals

ABSTRACT

Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger.Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley , about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, 1996;Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field,1991).Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter,Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets(Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310, peptides or amino acids production (Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key, 1991;Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove.High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film, Parana State,High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals.FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022)andGranite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade.

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Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Carbon Raiser of Graphitized Petroleum Coke/GPC for Iron Casting).Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad, as shown inStainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric.

Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door⁰C and left for 2 h (Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backing). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8.(Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDigital Oral Thermometer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film.Stainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatmentshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHoneyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce, but not shown inTest Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine,8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System,1996).

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YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4),Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Bathroom Accessories Well Designed High End 82116 Sliver Design Toilet Stainless Steel or Brass Angle Valve A6002) (Reis et al.,1989;Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key.,1991;Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant.,1991).Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park.

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CONCLUSIONS

High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[eittextile]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM, M.M.(1994),Em4200 Clamshell Card 125kHz Proximity Card Access RFID Thick Card.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Functional Manual Steel Wheelchair Folding 12 Inch and 24 Inch Rear Wheels Exhangeable]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Lightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Relief.Leder 48,(5),99-104[SKD Top Sale Manual Custom Roller Zebra Vertical Fabric Blinds]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage]

YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom Made Fabrication Service Anodized Aluminium CNC Machining Parts.Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide. USP/SP[Hot Sale Wood Grain Decorative Paper for Laminated Door/ Melamine Paper for MDF]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[from China to Mexico Ciudad del Carmen reliable low cost Air Logistics Freight Shipping Forwarder]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Speed Cable Wire Winding Braiding Machine]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Amusement Park Ride Single and Double Decker Mechanical Riding Horse Merry Go Round Carousel]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men]

Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery]

Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[18V Lithium Battery Powered Cordless Drill]

Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts, Part I.Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision]

Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A.Non Standard U Channel Steel, 175-184[Garden Weaving Wicker Table and Chair Outdoor Furniture Fireplace Full Rattan Fire Pit]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Socket Flange. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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