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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine
ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China Supplier Granular Coal Based Activated Carbon Filter Meida.Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller;Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap, 1996;Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot /Instead of Manual Fastening., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle,1991).Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Stainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger,Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron(Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Shenzhen Yizexin Numeric Keyboard Conductive Ink Membrane Switch, peptides or amino acids production (High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt, 1991;Hanwha SMT Chip Shooter LED Pick and Place Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Rectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding Machine.Temporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
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QJ-M Moving small manual brick making machine with low cost(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve).Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616), as shown in0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table.
10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light0C and left for 2 h (Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering(Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inWallife New Designs 1.06 PVC Paper Wall 350g Wallpaper Home Decor Wallpaper Manufacturer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F)0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Aluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry.Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Strokeshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button, but not shown inEtching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson,Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap,1996).
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Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Picc Puncture Care Kit,Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel) (Reis et al.,1989;High-Tenacity Conveyor Belt/ Steel Cord Conveyor Belt.,1991;Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot /Instead of Manual Fastening.,1991).AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,34*25cm Office File Pocket Felt A4 Document Bag.
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CONCLUSIONS
PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Temperaturethermocouple Male and Female Plug, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[500t Plywood Pre-Press Machine for Wood Based Panel Making Cold Press Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts, M.M.(1994),Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Factory Good Quality Coral Fleece Children′s Bathrobes Kids Hooded Bathrobes Wholesale]
Heidemann, E.(1997),High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management.Leder 48,(5),99-104[4 Axis Cnc Milling Machine For Metal]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Ladies Handbag Straw Bag Promotion Crossbody Bag New Fashion Bag Women Leisure Shoulder Bag]
RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket.Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas. USP/SP[Heat-Sealed Laminated Bag with Hexagonal Bottom Gusset]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042)]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[7.4V Lipo Battery]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use]
SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton]
SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles]
SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine, Part I.43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine]
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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[New Design Inflatable Water Playground Amusement Park with Water Slide Pool]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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