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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields


ABSTRACT

Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails.Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve;Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, 1996;Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery,1991).Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24,Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel(Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use, 1991;Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10China Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory.Disposable Precision Infusion Set with Filter and Needle for Single Use-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Low Price Sweep Frequency Response Analyzer for Power Transformer Test(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500Alcalase2.5 L DX,Stainless Steel Mechanic Parts for Lock Accessories with MIM Process, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve, Parana State,Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields.PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePatent Product Solar Insect Killer LampandPE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material.

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Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron).Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Hotel Bedding0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid, as shown in2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment.

100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears0C and left for 2 h (Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price(Personal Care Glutathione Skin Whitening Tablets). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDzg100 Self Adjustable Turning Rolls. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavMesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Trunk Organizer Foldable Water Proof0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Ld-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical PlantandGld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents  . Enzymatic (No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer)Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube(sulfuric acid)Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton(Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type.Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removalshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type, but not shown inIndustry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door,Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile,1996).

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Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter,Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A) (Reis et al.,1989;Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use.,1991;Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift.,1991).Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm.

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CONCLUSIONS

White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Insulation Anti Earthquake Exterior Wall Foam Board]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment, M.M.(1994),Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Electrical PV DC Solar Cable. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[2.0mm Yellow Markers for Fiber Optic Multi Patch Cord]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Wholesale Women′s Sportswear Leggings Athletic Compression Tight Yoga Pants]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stand Hot and Cold Normal Water Dispenser with Refrigerator]

Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate.2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling. USP/SP[ACP Aluminium Cmposite Panel Cladding Extrusions]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hotel Bedding]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72)]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Api Non-Upset Coupling]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events]

40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Best Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine]

40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer]

40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain, Part I.Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8)]

Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8).Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts, 175-184[Cabine Size Spinner Luggage Factory OEM/ODM Products]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ Leak Proof]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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