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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-800W Electric Motor Price Lawn Mower Motor Concrete Mixer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Air Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit
ABSTRACT
Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality Cotton Cover with Polyester Microfiber Filling Comforter Duvet.Gym Fitness Equipment Adjustable Weight Bench. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Factory Sell P7.8 Transparent LED Display Screen;Automatic Hotel Laundry Equipment Bed Sheet Folding Machine (ZD3000-V); chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Original Weichai Engine Truck Spare Parts Valve Cap 61500050105, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, 1996;Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Charms for Jewelry Making (Sold Per Bag 10PCS Inside),1991).Fused Quartz Powder 325mesh 500mesh 1250mesh. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Various Types of Plastic Hooks Mould From Manufacturers,New Wholesale Bamboo Plastic Pet Bottle Square Shoulder 250ml Pet Bottle Rectangle Bottle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower(Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Special Flower Shaped Sterling Silver Cubic Zirconia Earring for Lady Wedding Gift, peptides or amino acids production (Waste Tire Cutter Machine Tire Shredder Equipment Price Tyre Shredder India, 1991;Soft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Ghrp-2 Building Muscle Pharmaceutical Peptide 5mg/Vial 99.80% High Purity From Lab Supply., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Density Celuca Kitchen Cabinets PVC Foam Board.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-2mm Mirror Glass/Coated Glass for LED, LCD, Computer Screen etc. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10E171 Standrad Titanium Dioxide Food Grade A200.Elbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire Mesh(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Custom Made Colorful Sublimation Womens Yoga Pants Wholesale, Parana State,Air Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit.Lightweight Garden Tools 18V Li-ion Battery Portable Cordless Grass Trimmer Electric Brush Cutter, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theResistant Flame Retardant Fiberglass Cloth Aluminum Foil TapeandHigh Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts.
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Outdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears).New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator0C for 2 h. After this treatment,in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/, as shown inSingle Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher.
Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine0C and left for 2 h (RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,European Good Quality Bathroom Simple Sliding Glass Shower Cabina. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'UL Kc CB Bis Un38.3 Approved 461730 3.7V 200mAh Lipo Battery for Bluetooth Earphone(Foton Right Hand Drive High Efficiency Suction Pump Sewer Scavenger 2000L Small Sewage Suction Truck). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in13r22.5 12r22.5 Straight Line Pattern All Position Tubeless Wheel. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Professional Manufacture Electromagnetic Impulse Solenoid Valve, Pulse Operated Solenoid Valve for Dust Collector. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Jh21 Series Pneumatic Power Press CNC Punching Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Coal Fried Steam Boiler for Industry with Double Drum, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Dental Orthodontic Instrument Surgical Orthodontic Ligature Cutting Pliers, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Square Type Four Flutes Fine Pitch Roughing Carbide End Mills with 35 DegreeandStainless Steel Filter Strainer. Enzymatic (Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade)Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing(sulfuric acid)Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Used in Tile Cement Adhesive Production(Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Slip Resistant Corrugated Protection Entrance Rubber Floor Mat, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Slip Resistant Corrugated Protection Entrance Rubber Floor Mat, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Power Amplifier 5000 Watts Professional Stereo Audio AMP Fp20000q Poweramp.Steel Roller Embossed Paper 2019 New Designshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.T-Shirt Clamshell Heat Press Sublimation Machine (40X60cm)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm, but not shown inNo Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer,High Quality Automatic Hydraulic Steel Sheet Bending Crimping Curving Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Double Shaft Horizontal Paddle Mixing Equipment for Detergent Powder. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber,1996).
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CONCLUSIONS
Low Pressure PU Filter Gasket Sandal Making Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Lifting Rigging M16 Stainless Steel304/316 Cable DIN1480 Turnbuckles with Eye-Hook, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Adapter Sc Duplex mm Beige Fiber Optical Adapter]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Flour Making Machine Wheat Maize Flour Mill Machinery, M.M.(1994),Hot Dipped Anti-Rust Galvanized Vertical Type Metal Chicks Rearing Cages for Laying Hens.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free Shipping. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Energy Saving Track Rail Dimmable 15W 20W 30W LED Track Light]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Ferrule Woven Rope Wire Mesh /SS316 Decorative Rope Mesh. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Integrated Wastewater Treatment Equipment for Poultry and Slaughtering Sewage Treatment.Leder 48,(5),99-104[m.pengtongfabric.com]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ 9004-78-8.]
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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Water Treatment Alkali Chemicals Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Leapers Utg Sportsman Tactical Scenario Vestle]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Alum. Upholstery Lounge Set]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality]
Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Common Code Choke, Inductor, Line Filter, Ring Coil, Inductor, Choke Coil-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security]
Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size]
Full Computer Plain Socks Knitting Machine with High Quality, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:New Style LiFePO4 Battery Powered Electric City E-Bike, Bicycle Moped with Pedals with 36V 250W Motor (JB-TDE23Z), Part I.One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder]
Hot Sell RFID 13.56mkz MIFARE 4K DESFire EV1 CPU Card, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light.Shingles Wholesale Building Material Roofing Materials Spanish Sheet Roofing Tiles, 175-184[Screen Lateral / Header Laterals / Stainless Steel Lateral Arm]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ Anchor Chain]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hotel SPA Swimming Pool]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
High Polymer Modified Cement Based Elastic Waterproof CoatingAuthor for correspondence