ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2). After enzymatic hydrolysis,13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder.Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, 1996;G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper,1991).Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates,Colorful  Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box(High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress, peptides or amino acids production (50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump, 1991;Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325)., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰PVC Cabinet Construction Board, White 18mm PVC Foam Board.2019 New Portable Mini Dental X-ray Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Ss Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

China Origin High Quality Food Grade Sodium Dihydrogen Citrate AnhydrousAlcalase2.5 L DX,China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

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0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security).201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A)⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck, as shown in11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size.

Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel⁰C and left for 2 h (Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers). Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap( Anchor Chain). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFactory Wholesales Rubber Gas Hose Pipe for Family Gas. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Hotel SPA Swimming Pooland2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b. Enzymatic (Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon)Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut(sulfuric acid)Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh(High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair.High Polymer Modified Cement Based Elastic Waterproof Coatingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inSs 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter, but not shown in3D Laser Inside Engraving Machinery Use Germany Technology with High Speed,Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Uangelcare Fat Analyzer OEM China Gym Supply Professional Gym Use Body Composition Analyzer]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc, M.M.(1994),48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads, Heavy Blanket, Gravity Blanket, Weighted Blanket.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Parcel Tape Adhesive OPP Packing Tape]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Supplier Hard Ware Fittings Gas Spring for Tool Box]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.abotled.com]

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Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED]

Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot  /Instead of Manual Fastening, Part I.Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM]

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Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Iron. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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