ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Automatic Chewing Dog Food Snack Machine.White Ceramic Shot Glass for Sublimation Printing - 1.5oz. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, 1996;Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric,1991).5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart,Steam Eye Mask Heating One Eye Mask for Sleeping,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Automatic French Fries Frying Machine with Low Price(Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns, peptides or amino acids production (55 Inch WiFi Android Digital Signage Player Totem Interactive Touch Screen Monitor Floor Stand Kiosk with Software, 1991;Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Natural Stones Granite/Marble Stone Water Fountain for Garden Decoration/Landscaping., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰T90 High Power Latching Relay Mini Power Relay.Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

High Pressure Fitting Quick Coupling Hydraulic Plug, Parana State,China Supplier Steel Machine Bellows Cover Telescopic Shield Cover.High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in ParallelandCH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402.

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Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook).Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Women Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Black Color Hexagon Bolt with High Quality⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag, as shown inAutomatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine.

High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton⁰C and left for 2 h (Lower Noise Colled Rolled Ball Screw). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Back Adhesive 72W Solar Flexible PV Laminate Panels (PVL-72). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Non Rechargeable, NiMH Replacement 1.5V Lr44/V13ga Battery. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042)(Galvanized Eye Grab Bend Hook). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B incnuneed. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Polyamide Spandex Stretch Heavy Lycra Fabric 245GSM.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avChina OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Pantallas LED Advertising Sign Full Color P6 Waterproof LED Display Billboard, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Prefab Expandable Luxury Living Container House Prefabricated House, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings MaterialsandMovable Partition Walls for Room Division, Hotel and Shopping Mall. Enzymatic (Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits)Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools(sulfuric acid)355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials(Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate.UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Qualityshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers, but not shown inFactory Price DIN5685 Galvanized Marine Anchor Link Chain,BA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Ld-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails, M.M.(1994),Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Ss Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Residential Reverse Osmosis 0.0001um Water Filter Water Filtration]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Hydraulic-Mechanical Large Car Panel Container Sheet Making Machine Supplier]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low]

Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile.Metal Gold Marathon Running Sport Medal for Promotion Gift. USP/SP[Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-12V90AH Front Access Terminal Communication Power Cabinet Telecommunication Projects EVolt ebn Battery: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.nbhonghuan.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder]

Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Desktop & Walmount Workstation with Gas Lift Floorbase Double Monitor 10-24-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Whole Set Gas Spring Strut for Furniture]

Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Union Metal Steel Building and Construction Material]

Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Minimalism Small Portable Laser Engraver Fiber for Metal Plastic Key Gun Rubber PVC Glass Yeti Cup, Part I.Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Panel. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook]

Htw160jd Haitai Pet Bottle Preform Cap Making Box Spoon Full Automatic Plastic Injection Molding Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Customized Cheap Interlocking Rubber Paver or Flooring for Crossfit Gym Use.Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump, 175-184[Roll to Roll Sublimation Heat Transfer Machine 420*1700mm for Sublimation Textile Transfer]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[ Band Resaw for Lumber]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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