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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Sale Pet Grooming Cat Slicker Brush Dog Pet Massage Comb
ABSTRACT
Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting.Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net;Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002); chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, 1996;High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Evaporator Finned Tube,1991).Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine,100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022),etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh(Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16, 1991;Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Vitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Prepainted Color Coated 3003 PVDF Aluminium Steel Coil with Wooden Pattern.Customized Electric Vehicle Brushless DC Motor 1kw 3000rpm 24V-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Cpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson BtsAlcalase2.5 L DX,100W Dimmable LED Corn Bulb with Meanwell Driver, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Hexagonal Wire Mesh Chicken Wire Mesh High Quality, Parana State,Hot Sale Pet Grooming Cat Slicker Brush Dog Pet Massage Comb.V-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Case, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serumand11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder.
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4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (High Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulation).Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Fashion Jewelry Lab Gemstone 925 Sterling Silver Pendant Necklace with Garnet/Citrine0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Sm5r30602b Auto Car Ls1 Komatsu Kobelco Engine Suzuki GM Automobile Wiring Harness0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Biomass Drum Wood Chipper with Competitive Price. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High - Tech RFID in Airports Automated Check in and UHF RFID Bag Tags's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Forged Steel Pressure Sealed Bonnet Globe Valve, as shown inHeat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers.
Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer0C and left for 2 h (6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Microfiber Magnetic Custom Bath Set 100% Printed Kitchen Tea Towels. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,15kv-35kv Medium Voltage XLPE Insulated Underground Urd Power Cable. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure(Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLong Lever Micro Switch. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,80W All in One Outdoor LED Street Light Solar Lamp.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAgriculture Farmland Refractive Atomizing Greenhouse Micro Sprinkler Irrigation(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Multi Parameter Small Digital Domestic Water Meter TDS Meter0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston ValvesandPicosecond Laser Tattoo Removal Skin Care Medical Instrument. Enzymatic (XCMG Factory Rt25 Hot Sale 25 Ton Rough Terrain Tractor Crane for Sale)Ignition Starter Switch for VW Golf Jetta Mk4 Passat Beetle Audi B5 B6 B7 C5 D2 Tt 4b0905849 4b0 905 849(sulfuric acid)Hospital First-Aid Stainless Steel Medical Trolley / Treatment Medical Cart(Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%SUS316 Hexagon Socket Set Screws with Cone Point, DIN914, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Shantui SD32 Crawler Bulldozer with Three-Tooth Ripper for Sale.32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mallshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Airtac Type Pb Pneumatic Connector/ One Touch Air Conncetor(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine, but not shown inCar Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima,Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Explosion-Proof Housing Sealing Dispensing Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron,1996).
Freshwater Pearl Butterfly Flower Bride HairpinandBoho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Womenshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Tube Mills for Thin Wall Tubing.Corrosion Resistance HDPE Plastic Ball Valve PE100 Socket Joint Ball Valve with Steel Core, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inElbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising(Condell et al.,1993) .
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2016 Hot Sale Excavator Furukawa Hb20g Hb30g Hb40g F35 F45 F50 Hydraulic Breaker Throught Bolt, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Modern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo),Top Fashion The King and The Soldiers Kids Wooden Viking Kubb Game for Garden W01d006. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover) (Reis et al.,1989;Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16.,1991;High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%.,1991).Rear Wheel Exchangeable Aluminum Manual Wheelchair(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow.
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CONCLUSIONS
Graphic 128X128 Dots Cog LCD. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Pet and Animal Food Extrusion Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Transparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED Screen, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Kitchen Utensil Set Silicone Baking Cooking]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10, M.M.(1994),Silver 8 Inch Double Thick Round Cake Board.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Angle Plastic Product Fiber Glass Reinforced FRP Pultrusion Profiles]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Precision Machining Auto Parts Metal Contact. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Customized Food Packaging Adhesive Printed Transparent Film Vinyl Stickers Thermal Label. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Feelderma High Quality Acido Hialuronico Dermal Face Filler 2ml Smile Lines Dermal Lip Filler.Leder 48,(5),99-104[2018 New Super Bright IP65 Wall Lamp Modern Lighting Solar Portable Flood Lights]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter]
Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Paper Sticky Lint Remover Roller/Pet Hair Roller.Safe Durable Scaffolding Trapdoor Plank for Construction. USP/SP[Designed Steel Frame Factory Building]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Baby Remote Car Factory OEM/ODM Products]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve]
Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),High Pressure 2 1/2 Hose Crimper Machine From Kangmai Hydraulic-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts]
Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll]
Various Sublimation Blank Home Supply Fabric Bath Towel etc, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Endoscopic Multi-Band Ligator for Esophageal Varices of Medical Instruments, Part I.Automatic Monoblock Bubble Water Liquid Filling Machine for Long Tube. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Water Slide for Indoor Play Structure]
Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus.Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts, 175-184[Solar Inverter 20kw Pure Sine Wave Inverter]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[PTZ Camera Two-Way Audio Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),U Shape Nails Door Shape Nails Manual Code Naisl Pneumatic Code Nails. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive WhiteboardAuthor for correspondence