ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter.Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh;Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, 1996;Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall,1991).Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric Scooter,STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel(GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings, peptides or amino acids production (Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h, 1991;Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco.Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box CeAlcalase2.5 L DX,Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire, Parana State,Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi.Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theRectification Triming Metallized Polyester Film Slitting Rewinding MachineandPlug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door.

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PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Disposable Environmental Biodegradable Takeaway Box Fruit Salad Box with Cover).S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display, as shown inCharateristic Natural Anodized Aluminium Al6061-T6 CNC Machined Housing for Embroidered Beauty Pen (S-262).

Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light⁰C and left for 2 h (Custom RFID Em4305 125kHz Plastic PVC Smart Hotel Key Card). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length(Flat Pack Temperary Container House 20FT 40FT). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inTourmaline Jade Mattress F-8210 for Hospital Bed. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avIndustrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

High Quality Engieered Veneer Faced Commericial PlywoodandHot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear. Enzymatic (Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain)Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater(sulfuric acid)Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses(GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992.7W Aluminum Waterproof LED Lawn Light Use for Garden Lightingshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inOEM/ODM Price Top Open Keypad Safe with Electronic Code Lock, but not shown inHuaxia PAR56 Color Changing Swimming Pool Light Bulb LED Fixture Pool Used E27 Compatible with E26 with Remote Control Hx-PAR56-E27,Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable,1996).

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Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary PlywoodandAluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Priceshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe.High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inPVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting(Condell et al.,1993) .

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ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale,Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels) (Reis et al.,1989;Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h.,1991;Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats.,1991).Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer.

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CONCLUSIONS

Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[150w Led Highbay Lighting]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, M.M.(1994),Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Carbon Steel Manifold Aluminum Tee Pipe Welding Transition Joints]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Large Slewing Rings Bearings for Wind Turbine Ring on Sale]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle.Leder 48,(5),99-104[North Benz Balancing Shaft Oil Seal 170x190x7.5/9.5]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp]

3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine.Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module. USP/SP[Digital Programmable Ntc Temperature Controller]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Women Genuine Crazy Horse Cowhide Leather Tassel Crossbody Bag]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Copper]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes]

Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Full Automatic Tomato Ketchup Sauce Sachet Packaging Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Factory OEM CNC Machined Gear Motor Shaft]

Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Speed Construction Lifting Equipment Boat Yacht Capstan Electric Winch 3 Ton]

Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side, Part I.High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[ COB Stn LCD Display with 8080 Interface]

Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8).Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop, 175-184[Notebook]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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