ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Yyh Series One Dimension Tumbling Mixer Mixing Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,ODU 14 Pin Industrial Circular Connector.Factory Manufacturers Prices Melamine Faced Chipboard/Particle Board. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Robot of World Robotics Competition, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price, 1996;Aluminum PCB Circuit Board SMD PCBA LED PCB., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Classical Type Antique Copper Zinc Alloy Plate Door Lock Handle with Mortise Lock and Cylinder (ZP159),1991).Concrete Pump Sponge Cleaning Ball for Concrete Pump Truck. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Supplier Steel Machine Bellows Cover Telescopic Shield Cover,Concrete Cure Spray Concrete Curing Agent,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Automatic Chewing Dog Food Snack Machine(Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,White Ceramic Shot Glass for Sublimation Printing - 1.5oz, peptides or amino acids production (Promotional Gifts Custom Printed Silicone Wristband/Bracelet, 1991;Industry Mega PVC Fabric Automatic Folding Hangar Rolling Shutter Door, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8ton., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Farrowing Crate Pig Floor Cast Iron Slat Floor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Manufacturer PVC Synthetic Artificial Leather for Sofa Upholstery Cover with Variety of Backing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer Electric.5-Star 100 Cotton King Size Cheap Stripe Hotel Duvet Cover-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Surprise! Range Hood Free! ! ! Juice Cart(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Motorcycle Accessories Flexible Natural Rubber Shock Absorber / Dock Silent Buffer Block(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger).High Security 13.56MHz MIFARE DESFire EV1 EV2 2K 4K 8K CPU RFID Card(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%T90 High Power Latching Relay Mini Power Relay⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Customizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Auto Accessories Tailored Car Foot Mats Trunk Mats for Lexus GS430. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)No. 1062 20PCS Tools, as shown in4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY).

Ld-Zg002 Special Corrosion and Scale Inhibitor for Chemical Plant⁰C and left for 2 h (Sinicline 2018 Hot Sell Custom Printing Thank You Cards). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Aluminum Mould Shoe Mould Making CNC Milling Router Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,High Pressure Fitting Quick Coupling Hydraulic Plug. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality Products Insulin Syringe/ Insulin Pump with Medical Head Cover(Metal Material and Sports Theme Custom Metal Medal). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPine LVL Scaffolding Wood Board LVL Scaffold Plank. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Refrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Boston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottle. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avWomen Cow Leather Handbag Genuine Leather Shoulder Bag for Ladies(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.China Supplier! ! ! Hot Sale 16mn Galvanized Steel Pipes⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Afen Auto Opened Door Pasta Sexy Toys Auto Vending Machine with Competitive Price, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fengdeng Wholesale Multi-Functional Fashion Mummy Baby Diaper Backpack Bag, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Single Stage High Speed Fruit and Vegetable Pulping Machine.8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8)shows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.China OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inLow Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, but not shown in 800 Wog,Plastic 3D Printing Service, Cheap Plastic Injection Molding PLA 3D Printing Service for Rapid Prototyping Services, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Silicone Pot Holders, Trivet Mat, Spoon Rest, Jar Opener, Garlic Peeler, Non-Slip High Heat Resistant Hot Pads. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Professional Rope/Cable/Wire Braiding Machine with Factory Price,1996).

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Carboxy Terminal Collagen Crosslinks Elisa Kits, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Various Colors Nylon and Stainless Steel Kitchen Tools,355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materials. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Sany Mixing Sealing Seat and Compression Ring for Sany Concrete Pump Truck) (Reis et al.,1989;Promotional Gifts Custom Printed Silicone Wristband/Bracelet.,1991;Aluminum PCB Circuit Board SMD PCBA LED PCB.,1991).Metal Separating Gold Brass Zippers for Sale(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Quartz Window, Polished Quartz Disc, Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate.

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CONCLUSIONS

OEM Refrigeration Digital Thermometer. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Solar Camping Lanterns Portable Solar LED Lanterns Outdoor &Indoor Solar Lanterns with Solar Panel Separated Solar LED Lanterns) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

BA Finished Seamless Stainless Steel Tube (304, 304L, 316, 316L), A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Precisely Casting Iron Ductile Iron Casting of Engine Cover]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Wood Debarker, Tree Shaving Machine, Tree Peeling Machine for Paper Making, M.M.(1994),79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for Yanmar.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070)]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Stainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire Mesh]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Two Roll Rubber & Plastic Mixing Mills Tire Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Quality Cotton Cover with Polyester Microfiber Filling Comforter Duvet]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),5PCS Travel Mini Eye Makeup Brushes Set Eyebrow Brush Make up Brushes. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[3kw 24V 310mm Vertical Agv Drive Wheel Assembly]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Hot Sale 25kw Grid Tied Home Solar Panel System Kit.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Organic Natural Biological Insecticide for Kill Mites/Lepidoptera Pests]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Tcn Sex Toy Vending Machines for Sale S800-10]

Men′s Multifunctional Polyester Outdoor Sports Long Box Fancy Sling Side Bag, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Mini Car Portable Fridge 10L Mini Fridge.Slide Table High-Speed Mute Aluminum Alloy Bearing Steel 3D Printing Stroke. USP/SP[Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Mini Small Garden Excavator Digging Work: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Contec Medcial Emergency Cms8000 Cheap Multi-Parameter Beside Portable Patient Monitor]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals]

Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Offshore Drilling Platform Air Winch for Marine Oilfields-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie]

Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Zipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment Jeans]

Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Mass Stock Yl10.2 Carbide Rods for Milling 45HRC, Part I.Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel]

Manual Interlocking Brick Making Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),A100-T32-S2-C 2 Way 1 1/4′′ SS316 Electric Control Water Ball Valve.Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for Fencing, 175-184[Pvc Carpet Tiles With Design]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Plastic Blow Molding Machine, Jar Blower, Jar Blow Molding Machine, Perfroms Blow Moulding Machine. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Cute Pink Cashmere Soft Plush Lining Warm Bootie]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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