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ABSTRACT

Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling.2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars;Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, 1996;2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD)., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price,1991).Hot DIP Galvanized G2150 D Ring Shackle. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair,Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light(Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Creative Flywheel Dial Men Watch Boys Wristwatch Fashion OEM in China, peptides or amino acids production (Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine, 1991;110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer.Sex Toy Flirting Anal Plug Five Lines with Beads Handle Type Extra-Long Anal Plug Can Deeply Stimulate The Anus of Both Men and Women Plug-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Automatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Walking Long Distance Surveying Instrument Meter Measuring Wheel, Parana State,Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men.Chinese Supplier of PVC Profile, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for BearingandTemporary Aluminum Cat Eyes LED Reflective Road Raised Solar Pavement Marker.

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Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Sanhe FC-2 Poultry Air Vent).Inflatable Sup Surfing / All Round / Race Stand up Paddle Board Surfboard(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Sinicline Custom Brand with Plastic Pouch Hangtag for Hats⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Legit Human Chorionic Gonado-Tro-Pin 5000iu H-Cg Powder. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Plastic Kitchen Organization Sink Caddy Sponge Holder Saddle Bag's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)VRLA Deep Cycle Storage Battery 12V 100ah (QW-BV100A), as shown inChina OEM 94V0 Single-Sided Ceramic PCB Prototype Multilayer Ceramic Printed Circuit Board.

ALS Stage 5W RGB Animation Laser Light⁰C and left for 2 h (Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight, Alarm Fescape Rescue LED Torch. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Energy Saving Track Rail Dimmable 15W 20W 30W LED Track Light. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pet Anti-Static Needled Mat(Kh No Fried Automatic Potato Chips Making Machines). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inManufacturer Air Conditioning Relay. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Dz/Bt-80h Multifunctional Full Automatic Cartoning Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%OEM Sheet Metal Fabrication for Aluminum Parts. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avHwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Worm Gear Operation Wafer Lined F3 Butterfly Valve, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Custom Printing A5 Elastic Bandage Leather Notebook with Emboss Logo School Notepad, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Solar Energy Storad Power Generation SystemandWholesale New Fashion Leather Bag Lady Handbag Crossbody Bag. Enzymatic (Positive Drive Turn Belt for Spiral Freezing Equipment)Chinese Herb Medicine Angelica Root Extract(sulfuric acid)S Series China Generator Helical-Worm Crushers Reduction Box(Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Chinese Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck Mounted Crane for Sale, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Chinese Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck Mounted Crane for Sale, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Original Testo 174t Mini Temperature Data Logger No. 0572 1560.PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextileshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant Mbr/Waste Water Treatment Plant/Water(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring, but not shown inModern Office Ergonomic Executive Leather Swivel Office Chair (HC-Venlo),Hot Sale Factory stainless Steel Dining Chair OEM Dining Furniture, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook,1996).

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8000kg Diesel Forklift Great Logistic Equipment Fork Lift Truck 8tonandFM USB Radio Audio Power Amplifier for Home Bar Clubshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Whole Set Gas Spring Strut for Furniture.Dia. 5.5mm Bonding ND: YAG Laser Rod Lens, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inYashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.CNC Machining Turning Anodized Aluminum Worm Gear(Condell et al.,1993) .

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China Solar Panel Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Vacuum Coating Machine Water Chiller (CW-6300AN),Planter Moving Round Planter Saucer Casters Plant Trolley (M). The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder) (Reis et al.,1989;Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine.,1991;2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD).,1991).1060 1100 3003 3105 5052 5005 Aluminium Coils Manufacturer in China(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Electric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X).

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CONCLUSIONS

Custom ABS&POM&PP&PC&Acrylic Plastic CNC Machining Turning Parts. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (40A C Electronic Air Circuit Breaker with Dz47-4p) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,DOT Aluminum Beverage CO2 Gas Cylinder 5lb 10lb 15lb 20lb, M.M.(1994),Galvanized Solar System Mounting Bracket Connector.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Digital Programmable Ntc Temperature Controller. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Slewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Stainless Steel HK Series Needle Roller Bearing HK0408.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Big Street Lights]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Best Thermal Insulation Material Aerogel Powder for Greenhouse Steam Pipe: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Green Coffee Bean Extract]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight]

Heat-Sealed Laminated Bag with Hexagonal Bottom Gusset, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fashion Shoulder Backpack Handbag School Bag-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver]

Heat-Sealed Laminated Bag with Hexagonal Bottom Gusset,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[860~960MHz UHF RFID Adhesive Tag/Sticker/Wet Inlay/ Long Range Logistic Tag]

Heat-Sealed Laminated Bag with Hexagonal Bottom Gusset, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Coating Application CMC / Coating Material Grade CMC LV, Mv, Hv / Coating Material Grade CMC Medium Viscosity, Part I.Hot Sale Cute Food Plastic Pet Slow Feed Dog Bowl. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel]

FTTH Fiber Optic Fusion Splicing Toolkit, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),High Speed Cable Wire Winding Braiding Machine.22 High Rubber Mixing Mill, High Accuracy Lab Rubber Two Roll Mill, 175-184[m.dml-mould.com]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Temperature Alternative Stainless Steel Band in Different Package. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Potato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning MachineAuthor for correspondence