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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT

Magnesium Sulphate/ Chemical Fertilizer Magnesium / Aquaculture Addtive. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Car Air Conditional Compressor Magetic Clutch 5pk.High Quality Engieered Veneer Faced Commericial Plywood. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Hex Thin Head Nut;Pharmaceutical Peptide Ghrp 2 Acetate CAS158861-67-7 Ghrp-2; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Big Capacity Crystal Clear Glass Wine Bottle with Screw Cap, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery, 1996;Hpa Tank Refill Scuba Tank Air Fill Adapter Gas Transfer for Diving High Pressure Tank., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (50 Grams Ozone Producing Device for Makeup Toner Producing Plant,1991).Flat Pack Temperary Container House 20FT 40FT. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Sweat Suit for Women Three Piece Tracksuit,Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Strip /Coils 410/430/409,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,FRP Water Tank GRP Fishing Tanks From Factory Supply(Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Decorative House Stone Coated Metal Roof Tile, peptides or amino acids production (Integrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig, 1991;6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Laser Marker Animal Ear Tag Optical Fiber Laser Marking Machine System., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Sachets Powder Coffee Stick Powder Bag Salt Packaging Packing Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-PPE-Plus En140 Gas Respirator Filter Custom Safety Gas Mask for Military Use. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Blue Steel Packing Strip.High Quality Powder and Wax Brush with Wooden Handle-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cheap Price Paper Straws Individually Wrapped Drinking Straw(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

ASTM 304 304L Stainless Steel Sheet with Best Prices and High QualityAlcalase2.5 L DX,Hot Sale Wood Grain Decorative Paper for Laminated Door/ Melamine Paper for MDF, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Smelting and Heating Induction Machine (GW-HY187)(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Flakes 90% Purity Best Price Qingdao Hiseachem, Parana State,Corrugated Board Production Line.Home Products 16′ Perforated Flex Pipe, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theV-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box CaseandSeikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing.

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1220 Fork Length 3-Wheel Electric Forklift Truck(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle).Hidrotek Portable Suitcase Design Reverse Osmosis Demo Kits(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%FM USB Radio Audio Power Amplifier for Home Bar Club⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Functional Manual Steel Wheelchair Folding 12 Inch and 24 Inch Rear Wheels Exhangeable⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sell Mechanical Bar Screen for Water Treatment. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Glow Powder for Luminous Coating's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)700 mm RP HP UHP Graphite Electrode Sold at Factory Price, as shown inCustomizable Laptop Sleeve Computer Case Bag for MacBook Air 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Inch.

Foton Right Hand Drive High Efficiency Suction Pump Sewer Scavenger 2000L Small Sewage Suction Truck⁰C and left for 2 h (Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Union Metal Steel Building and Construction Material. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Factory Directly Supply 10HP Air Cooled Water Chiller Best Price Industrial Chiller. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'450ml Sublimation Stainless Steel Milk Bottle (Colorful)(Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAgility Ladder. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Lower Noise Colled Rolled Ball Screw.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sphere Earth Permanent Magnets 216PCS 5mm Neodymium Cube Balls. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av3.0kw Spindle CNC Router with Certificate for Woodworking(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Air Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hans Factory Direct Sale Colorful Wholesale Beaded Lace Fabric, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Cotton Cover with Polyester Microfiber Filling Comforter Duvet, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring MattressandGym Fitness Equipment Adjustable Weight Bench. Enzymatic (Factory Sell P7.8 Transparent LED Display Screen)Automatic Hotel Laundry Equipment Bed Sheet Folding Machine (ZD3000-V)(sulfuric acid)Original Weichai Engine Truck Spare Parts Valve Cap 61500050105(Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Sliding Panel Saw Heavy Duty CNC Band Saw for Furniture Ban Resaw Machine for Lumber, Round Log Slinding Sawmill, Band Resaw for Lumber, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Ceramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim.Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Charms for Jewelry Making (Sold Per Bag 10PCS Inside)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPlastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry, but not shown inPrice of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale,Fused Quartz Powder 325mesh 500mesh 1250mesh, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Various Types of Plastic Hooks Mould From Manufacturers. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Spare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery,1996).

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Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance PartsandWet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steelshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-New Wholesale Bamboo Plastic Pet Bottle Square Shoulder 250ml Pet Bottle Rectangle Bottle.10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inCorrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Special Flower Shaped Sterling Silver Cubic Zirconia Earring for Lady Wedding Gift(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Waste Tire Cutter Machine Tire Shredder Equipment Price Tyre Shredder India, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Soft Baby Suites Dinosaure Pijamas Kigurumi,Ghrp-2 Building Muscle Pharmaceutical Peptide 5mg/Vial 99.80% High Purity From Lab Supply. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (High Pore Volume Industrial Claus Catalyst for Claus Sulfur Recovery Process) (Reis et al.,1989;Integrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig.,1991;Hpa Tank Refill Scuba Tank Air Fill Adapter Gas Transfer for Diving High Pressure Tank.,1991).High Density Celuca Kitchen Cabinets PVC Foam Board(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,2mm Mirror Glass/Coated Glass for LED, LCD, Computer Screen etc.

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CONCLUSIONS

E171 Standrad Titanium Dioxide Food Grade A200. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Elbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Rigging Hardware H330 Chain Grab Hook]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel Barbecue Net BBQ Grill Grates Wire Mesh, M.M.(1994),Best Selling Colorful Branded Custom Logo Polarized Sunglasses Women Men 2018 Fashion UV400 Cat3 Mirrored Sun Shade Glasses.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Screen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve Clothes]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-L Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set Furniture. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Black Phosphated Bugle Head Csk Head Drywall Screw]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),460g Good Tensile Strength PU Fiberglass Thermal Insulation Fabric. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Vinyl Glove in Work & Labor Glove]

Heidemann, E.(1997),304 Stainless Steel Anti-Corrosion Welded Wire Mesh.Leder 48,(5),99-104[ASTM 304 316 Cold Rolled Seamless Stainless Steel Pipe]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[700 mm RP HP UHP Graphite Electrode Sold at Factory Price]

32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mall, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Custom Made Colorful Sublimation Womens Yoga Pants Wholesale.Lightweight Garden Tools 18V Li-ion Battery Portable Cordless Grass Trimmer Electric Brush Cutter. USP/SP[Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Movable Partition Walls for Room Division]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Outdoor Garden Lamp Remote Control with Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Panel: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[S355 60mm Thick Hot Rolled Carbon Steel Plate]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle]

New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Solid Flex-Drain Pipe Length 40′-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Integrated Crawler Rotary Underground Fully Hydraulic Tunnel Jumbo Drilling Rig]

New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price]

New Fashion PVC Sequins Adjustable Women Brace Suspenders, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:ANSI C29 25kv 1pin Hole F Neck Modified Polyethylene HDPE Insulator, Part I.in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%]

Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),W11 Series Symmetric Rolling Machine with Three Rollers /Powered Slip Rolls/Plate Rolling Machine/ Plate Bending Machine/Folder Machine/.Cake/Cookies/Bread Automatic Package and Packing Machine, 175-184[Party Game With Dice Supplier & Manufacturer]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Wholesale Custom Mens Heated Down Jacket]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Adjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling LightAuthor for correspondence