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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price
ABSTRACT
Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank Hats.Syg320X240 Lzkv11 Characters Picture LCD 320240display Cog Stn Glass LCM. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo;Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, 1996;100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Mouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest,1991).Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder,Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank(China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars, peptides or amino acids production (Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory, 1991;Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Hot DIP Galvanized G2150 D Ring Shackle.Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom LightAlcalase2.5 L DX,Creative Flywheel Dial Men Watch Boys Wristwatch Fashion OEM in China, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming, Parana State,CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price.Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set ClearandPlant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket.
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Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (21.5′′ Wall Mount Display Capacitive Touch Monitor).Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Sex Toy Flirting Anal Plug Five Lines with Beads Handle Type Extra-Long Anal Plug Can Deeply Stimulate The Anus of Both Men and Women Plug0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Automatic Cashew Processing Cashew Nuts Shelling Peeling Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,CNC System Air Duct Line5 Make Machine for HVAC. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Titanium Dioxide Anatase for Paper Making's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)40A C Electronic Air Circuit Breaker with Dz47-4p, as shown inWholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125.
Pipe Thermostat with Sensor Ce Certificate0C and left for 2 h (Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Walking Long Distance Surveying Instrument Meter Measuring Wheel. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Chinese Supplier of PVC Profile. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve(Coffee Cup Paper Cup Plastic Cup Lid Cover Tray Plate Container Clamshell Package Thermoforming Forming Making Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inA2-70/A4-80 China Manufacture Factory Supply Anti-Theft Twist Shear Breakaway Nut. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Inflatable Sup Surfing / All Round / Race Stand up Paddle Board Surfboard.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavSinicline Custom Brand with Plastic Pouch Hangtag for Hats(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Plastic Kitchen Organization Sink Caddy Sponge Holder Saddle Bag0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/VRLA Deep Cycle Storage Battery 12V 100ah (QW-BV100A), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/ALS Stage 5W RGB Animation Laser Light, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
PVC Cabinet Construction BoardandMultifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight, Alarm Fescape Rescue LED Torch. Enzymatic (Energy Saving Track Rail Dimmable 15W 20W 30W LED Track Light)Pet Anti-Static Needled Mat(sulfuric acid)Dz/Bt-80h Multifunctional Full Automatic Cartoning Machine(China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%OEM Sheet Metal Fabrication for Aluminum Parts, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%OEM Sheet Metal Fabrication for Aluminum Parts, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling.Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Platesshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Price of Automatic Sludge Dewatering Machine(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inEconomic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery, but not shown inAutomatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine,Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Worm Gear Operation Wafer Lined F3 Butterfly Valve. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press,1996).
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Chinese Herb Medicine Angelica Root Extract, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.S Series China Generator Helical-Worm Crushers Reduction Box,Chinese Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck Mounted Crane for Sale. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory.,1991;100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set.,1991).Original Testo 174t Mini Temperature Data Logger No. 0572 1560(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Domestic and Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant Mbr/Waste Water Treatment Plant/Water.
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CONCLUSIONS
Hot Sale Factory stainless Steel Dining Chair OEM Dining Furniture. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Medical Disposable I. V. Cannula Pen-Like Various Gauge Sizes White]
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Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-CNC Machining Turning Anodized Aluminum Worm Gear. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Custom Printing A5 Elastic Bandage Leather Notebook with Emboss Logo School Notepad]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Solar Panel Solar Cell Photovoltaic 300W Hot Sell. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Vacuum Coating Machine Water Chiller (CW-6300AN).Leder 48,(5),99-104[Glow In The Dark Sheets]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[40A Zinc Alloy Mini Plug-in Electronics Car Blade Fuse]
Medical Supply, Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Planter Moving Round Planter Saucer Casters Plant Trolley (M).1060 1100 3003 3105 5052 5005 Aluminium Coils Manufacturer in China. USP/SP[ Box Sealing Packing Taping Strapping Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[4-14 Manual Staple Gun with Staples for Hand Tools]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Electric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Customized Molded Best Silicone Glass Water Drinking Bottle Sleeve]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[beach sandals]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine]
Custom ABS&POM&PP&PC&Acrylic Plastic CNC Machining Turning Parts, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CNC Machining Non-Standard Hardware Parts-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Low Cost Safety Guarantee Storage Silo with High-Efficient Conveyors]
Custom ABS&POM&PP&PC&Acrylic Plastic CNC Machining Turning Parts,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King]
Custom ABS&POM&PP&PC&Acrylic Plastic CNC Machining Turning Parts, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:DOT Aluminum Beverage CO2 Gas Cylinder 5lb 10lb 15lb 20lb, Part I.Galvanized Solar System Mounting Bracket Connector. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle]
Digital Programmable Ntc Temperature Controller, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing.Stainless Steel HK Series Needle Roller Bearing HK0408, 175-184[Dmx Driver For Led Tape]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Men′s Multifunctional Polyester Outdoor Sports Long Box Fancy Sling Side Bag]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Road Construction Fabric Non-Woven Geotextile 200GSM. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Gamicos Wireless Diesel Fuel Fuel Oil Water Tank Level GaugeAuthor for correspondence