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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price


ABSTRACT

YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4).Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa;Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 1996;Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Em4200 Clamshell Card 125kHz Proximity Card Access RFID Thick Card,1991).Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash,Lightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Relief,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Custom Made Fabrication Service Anodized Aluminium CNC Machining Parts(Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide, peptides or amino acids production (PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material, 1991;Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine.Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Non Standard U Channel Steel(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet, Parana State,Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price.Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theHigh Cut Genuine Leather Safety Shoes for Electrician in GuangzhouandSuoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A).

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Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Granite Cutting Diamond Saw Blades Cutting Blade).Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router, as shown in4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants.

Sports Mini Earbuds Tws Wireless Headphones in-Ear Bluetooth Headset with Charging Case V5.00C and left for 2 h (Carbon Raiser of Graphitized Petroleum Coke/GPC for Iron Casting). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture, Auto and Shoes. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Baking Stone Cookware(Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inHigh Efficiency Mini-Pleat HEPA Filter (H13/H14). The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavPortable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Precision Piston Ring Good Shape Ability High Quality Surface0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Bathroom Accessories Well Designed High End 82116 Sliver Design Toilet Stainless Steel or Brass Angle Valve A6002, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backingand60W All-in-One PIR Sensor Die-Aluminum Solar Street Light Price. Enzymatic (Plastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry)Square Decorative Stainless Steel Crimped Wire Mesh(sulfuric acid)Mold Injection Molding Plastic Products White PC Housing(Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Stainless Steel Metric Female Flat Seat Hose Fittings.Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chillershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCe Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain, but not shown inStainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment,Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Multi Color Spade Made of Steel and Panting. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG,1996).

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Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping MachineandBoston Round 50ml Refillable Plastic Pet Cosmetic Perfume Mist Spray Bottleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Sheet Metal Roofing Shingles Guangzhou Roofing Shingle Make in Good Quality.Automatic 0.5-1.2mm Aluminum Channel Letter Bending Flanging Machine, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inBest Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.New Condition Hot Sale Type Air Cooled Ice Cube Maker(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Stainless Steel Hinge Pin, Locking Hinge Pin, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants,VHDCI Connector, 100p, Solder 0.8mm Pitch. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Oil Heating Reactor) (Reis et al.,1989;PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material.,1991;Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM.,1991).6061 T6 T7 Small Size Andonizied Aluminium Pipe with Alloy Triangle Tube(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available.

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CONCLUSIONS

K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange Coupling, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Rice Milk Centrifuge]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts, M.M.(1994),100W 120W 150W Outdoor Solar LED Street Lighting.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Medical Waste Disposal with Microwave Disinfection Equipment Biomedical Infectious Waste 10]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901)]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901). Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Factory Wholesale Men High Quality Casual Cheaper Sweatshirt Hoody. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Functional Manual Steel Wheelchair Folding 12 Inch and 24 Inch Rear Wheels Exhangeable]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Economic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Aluminum Alloy Pipe 2A12 T4 Temper]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts]

Graphite Ring Good Lubrication, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),High Speed Carton Folding and Gluing Machine Box Sealing and Strapping Machine.Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket. USP/SP[Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Bank Safe Lock, Gun Cabinet Lock, Safe Lock (AL-206): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sale Wood Grain Decorative Paper for Laminated Door/ Melamine Paper for MDF]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Beach River Protection Used PP/Pet Non Woven Geobag]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[from China to Mexico Ciudad del Carmen reliable low cost Air Logistics Freight Shipping Forwarder]

Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),HDPE Geomembrane Lining Price for Pond Liner Film-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Speed Cable Wire Winding Braiding Machine]

Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men]

Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, Part I.Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery]

2.0mm Yellow Markers for Fiber Optic Multi Patch Cord, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Chinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings Materials.China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll, 175-184[Outdoor Led Pylon Sign]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[18V Lithium Battery Powered Cordless Drill]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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