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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road
ABSTRACT
High Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Safe Durable Construction Scaffolding Plank for Building.Different Size of Ring NdFeB Magnet. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Original Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machine;High Quality Welding Structure; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Carboxymethyl Cellulose CAS No. 9004-32-4, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher, 1996;Stamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line,1991).Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts,China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Vulcanizing Machine /Rubber Tiles Vulcanzing Press(Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low, peptides or amino acids production (Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce, 1991;Omni Newest Manager Desk Office Smart Office Table Office Staff Table, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;6oz/175ml Plastic Packaging Pharmaceutical Plastic Medicine Container with Plastic Screw Cap., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.30W Electric Insect Trap Mosquito Bugs Vinegar Flies Flying Insect Killer Lamp Mosquito Insects Repellent Traps.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Full-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet.Oring O-Ring All Kinds of Rubber Material NBR Nr EPDM Rubber Product-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Forming Pushing Elbow Making Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card, Parana State,Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road.200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGalvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round PipeandDiameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron.
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China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration).13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Mushroom Head Stud Sert0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear, as shown in43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud.
G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen0C and left for 2 h (Water Cooled Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Industrial Workshop). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates(China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inChina Tipping Dump Truck. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Colorful Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330)0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
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China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory.Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movementsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Dark Blue Color Texture Indoor Swimming Pool Glass Mosaic Tile(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFlat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning, but not shown inAtf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine,Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher,1996).
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Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drillingandin Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Caseshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck.0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A),Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder) (Reis et al.,1989;Protein Shaker Bottle with 2 Compartments, Leak Proof, Shaker Cup, 17-Ounce.,1991;Stamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip.,1991).Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck.
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CONCLUSIONS
Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[100w Laser Cutting Machine]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers), M.M.(1994),10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Aluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves]
Heidemann, E.(1997),5L, 8L, 10L, 20L, 50L, 100L Laboratory Cone Shape Dry Powder Mixer /Blending /Mixing /Blend /Blender Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Machines Make Egg Trays]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mall]
Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector.Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door. USP/SP[Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.mphotoluminescent.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Freshwater Pearl Butterfly Flower Bride Hairpin]
15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women]
15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Elbow Forming Machine Gorelocker HVAC Duct Making Machine]
15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon, Part I.Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Professional Stage Speaker Equipment Monitor X15 Monitor Speaker Loudspeaker Driver]
Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light.Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair, 175-184[Vegetables/Garden/Flowers/Farm Plasti⪞ Film Tunnel Greenhouse]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Customize Milky Extrusion PC Cover]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Anti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining Chair]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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