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ABSTRACT

Popular Laser Cutting Engraving Machine for Nonmetals. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Disposable Medical Ventilator Breathing Circuit Anesthesia Smoothbore Corrugated Expandable Circuit.Workstation Glass Frame Extrusion Aluminum Profiles for Office Partitions. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Chemicals Flocculant Cationic Polymer Price, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C, 1996;New Design Inflatable Water Playground Amusement Park with Water Slide Pool., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (240 * 64 Graphic LCD Screen, IC: LC7981, COB Stn LCD Display with 8080 Interface,1991).Light Weight Polyester Eye Mask for Travel Airplane Hotel. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,6 Seats Electric Club Car Golf Cart by Marshell (DG-C6-8),2.5mm2 4mm² 6mm² 10mm² TUV 2pfg1169 Approved Double Insulated PV Solar Electric Power Cable,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Bamboo Tablet Stand Laptop Rack Bt-2212(Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Wholesale Custom Hot Sale Recycled Colored Children Board Printing Story Book, peptides or amino acids production (Anti-Aging Outdoor Restaurant Cafe Furniture Aluminum Antique King Wedding Banquet Dining Chair, 1991;Personal Care Glutathione Skin Whitening Tablets, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Customized Over Size Boys Hoodie with Embroidered., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Digital Printing Football Fans Flag.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Low Cost Safety Guarantee Storage Silo with High-Efficient Conveyors. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Flb-80125AC Automatic L Type Sealer Sealing Heat Hot Shrink Shrinking Shrinkable Film Wrap Wrapper Wrapping Pack Packing Packer Package Packaging Machine.PTFE+Bronze Shaft Rod Step Seal Hbts/Spgo Buffer Seal-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:500 Tons Hydraulic Power Double Action Press with Cushion(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

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Silver Anodized Aluminium I Beam Level Measuring Tool(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts).Bluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%15mm Best Price Commercial Grade Birch Plywood for Furniture⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Top Great Wallet Genuine Leather Purse with Coin Pocket. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Good Price 20kVA Single Phase Silent Diesel Generator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Electric Hydraulic Three-Station Bus Bar Cutting Punching Bending Machine for Copper Processing, as shown inProfile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings.

Super Precision PTFE/Teflon/Peek/Upe Spring Energized Seals⁰C and left for 2 h (High Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Factory Supply Decorative Plastic PVC Vinyl Siding Panels for Exterior Walls. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Xsg Series High-Speed Rotating Dryer Putty Powder Special Dryer(Hot Sale Wood Grain Decorative Paper for Laminated Door/ Melamine Paper for MDF). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFlanged Check Valve. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Wholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Quality Grade Carton Box Case Forming Machine, Box Erector, Box Sealing Packing Taping Strapping Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avStainless Steel Clarifier Tank for Water Treatment(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.LSAW Pipes, API 5L Psl2/X65, X70, X42/DRL, Carbon Steel Pipes, Pipeline, API 5L Psl2/ Steel Pipes, Longitudinal Steel Pipeline, Welded Steel Pipes⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Professional Hot Selling Full Automatic Artificial Nutritional Rice Making Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Sand Casting Aluminum Die Casting and Gravity Casting Aluminum Alloy Parts Auto Engine Spare Parts, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Dry Air Generator GF Series.High Speed Cable Wire Winding Braiding Machineshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Modern Artificial Stone Bathroom Cabinet Sink Resin Basin for Bathroom Furniture(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inCustom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men, but not shown inIMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery,Advanced Unlocking Tool for Locksmith, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Screen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Ycom USB Charger and Data Cable with Aluminum for Type C,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

AISI 201/202/301/304 Stainless Steel Welded Square Pipe. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Metal Galvanized Wave Form Perforated Steel Strips) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Double-Screw Microwave Drying/Baking for Seafood Dewatering Device for Sale with Ce, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Double Walled Disposable Coffee Cups]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Bodybuilding Sr9009 Oral Anabolic Sarms White Powder for Weight Loss, M.M.(1994),Underwear Hanger Black for Girl Bra Display Light Plastic Lingerie Hanger.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Low Energy Needed Compact Flour Mill Plant for Milling Wheat]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-PVC/Pet/OPS Shrink Sleeve Used for Plastic and Glass Bottle. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Sower Vacuum Emulsifying Machine for Cosmetic]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Efficiency High Precision PT52y-X Turning Milling CNC Machine for High Quality and Reliability]

Heidemann, E.(1997),High Speed Copper Wire Braiding Making Machine.Leder 48,(5),99-104[150w Led High Bay Light In Malaysia]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Best Quality Bending Metal Mould with All Kinds Metal Materials]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[48V Lithium Ion Battery 100ah 200ah LiFePO4 Battery Solar EV System]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Original Manufacturer Amusement Park Fiberglass Body Battery Powered Adult Bumper Car Game Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Modern Decorative Colours Foldable Study Desk Lamps Mt7010 (5 color)]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding]

High Quality Welding Structure, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Carboxymethyl Cellulose CAS No. 9004-32-4-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Fashion Shoulder Backpack Handbag School Bag]

High Quality Welding Structure,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring Mope]

High Quality Welding Structure, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher, Part I.Stamping Parts OEM Gold Plated Copper Piece Copper Terminal for Battery Clip. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Security Shopping Trolley Baby Seat for Supermarket Cart]

150kg Per Hour Frozen French Fries Production Line, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling Iron.CNC Machining High Precision A380 Die-Casting Aluminum Auto Spare Parts, 175-184[2019 Fashion Mens Casual Shoes Fashion Leather Shoes for Men Summer Flat Shoes]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Silver Anodized Aluminium I Beam Level Measuring Tool]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),China Gooseneck Lowboy/Low Bed/Lowbed Utility Heavy Truck Tractor Semi Trailer. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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