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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT
New Style LiFePO4 Battery Powered Electric City E-Bike, Bicycle Moped with Pedals with 36V 250W Motor (JB-TDE23Z). After enzymatic hydrolysis,One Step Myo/Ck-MB/Ctnl Combo Rapid Test Cassette.Hot Sell RFID 13.56mkz MIFARE 4K DESFire EV1 CPU Card. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;OEM Factory Supplier Global Fashion No Light Color Gel Nail Polish Without UV Light;Shingles Wholesale Building Material Roofing Materials Spanish Sheet Roofing Tiles; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products, 1996;Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (New R&D Wire Cable Feeding Winding Machine,1991).Stainless Steel Manual Glass Kitchen Ajustable Pepper with Low Price. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Residence Use 220V 50Hz 12kw Portable silent Diesel Generator,Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,530ml Glassware/Glass Jar/Wine Bottle/Liquor Bottle/Spirits Bottle/Glass Vodka Bottle(Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,PCB Connector Pin Connector 1.0 Pitch Dual Row Pin Header, peptides or amino acids production (Sdlg LG936L Wheel Loader Spare Parts 4041000687 Hose Assembly, 1991;Galvanized Roller Shutter Window Torsion Springs, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;100 Ton 200 Ton Bending Cutting Straightening Machine H Frame Hydraulic Press for Sale., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Carbon Graphite Crucible.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Decorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Cummins ISBE truck diesel engine motor parts 3940059 camshaft bushing.Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Magic Hair Twist Curl Sponge Brush(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
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175mm Diamond Cutting Blade for Granite&Tiles(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Atl P4-2 Phased Ultrasound Transducer Probe for HDI 3000 3500).Raytools/Wsx/Precitec Fiber Laser Cutting Head, Laser Cutting Nozzle, Lasr Cuting Protective Lens, Laser Cutting Ceramic, Laser Cutting Consumables(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PU-Flex Duct Hose for Transporting Dust, Granules and Shavings0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Euro Schuko 3 Pin Plug to IEC 320 C13 Female Connector 10A 220V AC Power Plug0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Uprigth Touch-Screen Red Wine Chiller. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Pressure Swing Adsorption Nitrogen Inflator Nitrogen Inflator N2 Inflator's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Daily Use Teeth Whitening Charcoal Powder Oral Hygiene Cleaning Activated Charcoal Powder, as shown inAll Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace.
Multi-Layer Machine Press Hydraulic Hot for Plywood Making Machinery0C and left for 2 h (New Style Fashion Custom Branded Printing Sublimation Plain Summer Merino Wool Cotton Bamboo Polyester Leisure Quick Dry Undershirt Slim Fit Long Sleeve T-Shirt). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Groove Type Wood Log Tree Peeling and Debarking Machine. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'High Quality CE Digital Display Adjustable Power Supply(Colorful Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAluminum Anodized Wheel Spacer. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Hot Sales Foldable Rechargeable LED Book Reading Light with USD Charging 1.5 Wires.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Parcel Tape Adhesive OPP Packing Tape. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHigh Efficiency Non-Expensive Cracking Agent(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Heavy Duty Trailer Lifting Hoist Manual Crank Hand Puller Winch0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Custom Striped Compression Soccer Socks for Adults, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Stainless Steel Kitchen Sink, Bar Sink, Wash Hand Sink (4738), pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital DisplayandMining Machine Dewater Screen Separator Coal Sand Sieve Shaker Dewatering Screen. Enzymatic (High Tensile Strength Galvanized Steel Wire)24 Volt Fire Alarm Strobe Light Horn Strobe Sounder(sulfuric acid)from China to Mexico Ciudad del Carmen reliable low cost Air Logistics Freight Shipping Forwarder(Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Best Price PVC Coated Fiberglass Mesh Insect Window Screen, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Best Price PVC Coated Fiberglass Mesh Insect Window Screen, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Abrasive Resistant Heavy Duty PVC Helix Suction Hose for Mining Application.48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Chargershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Best Selling Used Plastic Single Shaft Shredder for Recycling with Weg Motor(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate, but not shown inCustomized 3D Medal for Religious Medal Gift,Factory OEM CNC Machined Gear Motor Shaft, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Quality and Lowest Price of Crr920 Common Rail Injector Repair Kits to Meet Stage. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Flex Rigid Printed Circuit Board with UL Flex PCB for Electronic Products,1996).
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Charms for Jewelry Making (Sold Per Bag 10PCS Inside)andGhrp-2 Building Muscle Pharmaceutical Peptide 5mg/Vial 99.80% High Purity From Lab Supplyshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Pink French Loop Terry Knit Fabric for Jacket.Custom Plastic Parts Injection Molding Lamp Shell Cover for LED Bulb, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Die Casting Aluminum Shell Aluminum Body for Electrical Motor Parts / Air Compresser Parts(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Charateristic Natural Anodized Aluminium Al6061-T6 CNC Machined Housing for Embroidered Beauty Pen (S-262). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Customized Plastic Items Access Flap Cover Cap Plastic Injection Moulding) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Cute Pink Cashmere Soft Plush Lining Warm Bootie, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Bedside Lamp]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,3kw 24V 310mm Vertical Agv Drive Wheel Assembly, M.M.(1994),Sofa Materials PU Leather with Flock Backing.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[OEM Double Sided Rigid PCB Circuit Board Manufacturer]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Three Phase 800mm Plate Fan. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[High Density Rock Wool Wall Board with Thermal Insulation Performance]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),ASTM Approved Popular Indoor Trampoline of Park. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Cement Test Apparatus Suppliers/Manufacturers for Sale]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[ALS Stage 5W RGB Animation Laser Light]
Water Treatment Alkali Chemicals Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3), C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Adjustable Office Commercial Suspended Pendant LED Aluminum Channel Profile for Ceiling Light.Wholesale Genuine Leather Credit Card Mens Wallet. USP/SP[Di DIN3352 Double Orifice Automatic Air Release Valve Dn65]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[50 Grams Ozone Producing Device for Makeup Toner Producing Plant]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[1080P Full HD Projector Beamer Proyector]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine]
Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),OEM ODM Custom Moulding Silicone EPDM Nr SBR NBR Acm NR Rubber Molding Molded Industrial Parts Product Auto Rubber Parts-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck]
Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Wholesale Colorful Party Favor Straight Biodegradable Food Grade Paper Drinking Straw for Cocktail]
Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Men Ankle Business Socks Hot Mens Dress Cotton Socks Wholesale, Part I.Partial Thread Steel/Iron Hex Head Self Tapping Screw. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Waste Tire Cutter Machine Tire Shredder Equipment Price Tyre Shredder India]
Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator.Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits, 175-184[1 High Alumina Ceramic Ball with High Quality]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Garden Decoration Marble Stone Granite Small Angel Sculpture Water Fountain]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),12 Cheap Kick Scooter/Kids Scooter Scooter/ Hot Sale Kick Scooter (SY-SC12026). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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