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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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1 * 2 Plc SplitterEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel TubeI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge Nozaki Children Educational Toys Game
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117)
ABSTRACT
Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags.Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch;Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, 1996;Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter,1991).Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine,Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055)(Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black, peptides or amino acids production (PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment, 1991;Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Electrical PV DC Solar Cable., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate.2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress, Parana State,Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117).8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8), exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theL Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set FurnitureandChina Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing.
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Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter).Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve Clothes0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Full-Automatic Production Line for Continuous Draw-out Wet Wipe Wet Wipes Machine Baby Wipes Production Line. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element, as shown in2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD).
Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite0C and left for 2 h (Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Luxury High Quality Shawl Collar Multi-Color Coral Fleece Bathrobe. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Mobile Mini Self Loading Concrete Mixer Machines Production Line Js750ah(33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inConventional Push Button With Key. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,30PCS/M LED 7.2W 10 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Strip Light.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavYAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Factory Direct Supply Yiwu Stocklots Hard Cover A5 High Quality Leather Notebooks for Gifts Free ShippingandFolding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat. Enzymatic (Wooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall)Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1(sulfuric acid)Folding Platform Hand Trolley (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant.Festival Ceramic Mugshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inMint Flavor 50ml Home Foam Toothpaste, but not shown inCeramic Edge Protection Profiles Decorative Ceramic Metal Tile Trim,Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror,1996).
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Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill MachineandCable Tray with ′t′ Slotsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer.Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inRefrigeration Digital Temperature Controller Stc-100A, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[High Quality Sheet Metal Stamping]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, M.M.(1994),Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Sweat Suit for Women Three Piece Tracksuit]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Customized Over Size Boys Hoodie with Embroidered]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Mesh Bird Feeder]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Factory Supply Cheap Price Custom Logo Genuine Leather Mens Wallets]
Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film.FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit. USP/SP[Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hot Sale High Quality Rimless New Italy Design Titanium Eyeglasses for Business Men and Women]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1): part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Tempered Glass Shandong]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve]
Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Office Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair]
Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine]
Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue, Part I.Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder]
HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad.Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door, 175-184[Air Filter Cartridge]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Water Meter Spare Parts Rubber Rings for Sealing]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Electric Fabric and Non Woven Fabric Roll Slitting Machine (FQ-1600)]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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