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Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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ABSTRACT

Compression Polyester Light Ankle Support Brace for Youth. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Good Quality White PVC Rigid Foam Board for Iran Market.Portable Wireless Professional Rechargeable DJ Karaoke Sound Box Trolley Bluetooth PA Speaker ED-608. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Bathroom Accessories Well Designed High End 82116 Sliver Design Toilet Stainless Steel or Brass Angle Valve A6002, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 1996;60W All-in-One PIR Sensor Die-Aluminum Solar Street Light Price., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Plastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry,1991).Square Decorative Stainless Steel Crimped Wire Mesh. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Mold Injection Molding Plastic Products White PC Housing,Sw Type BOPP Packaging Adhesive Tape Coating Machine,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Stainless Steel Metric Female Flat Seat Hose Fittings(Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,High Quality Round Hole Hastelloy Perforated Metal Screen Climbing Frame Mesh Perforated Metal Sheet, peptides or amino acids production (Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover, 1991;Multi Color Spade Made of Steel and Panting, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Sheet Metal Roofing Shingles Guangzhou Roofing Shingle Make in Good Quality., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Automatic 0.5-1.2mm Aluminum Channel Letter Bending Flanging Machine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-New Condition Hot Sale Type Air Cooled Ice Cube Maker. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Stainless Steel Hinge Pin, Locking Hinge Pin.4 Way Stretch Running Gym Shorts Unique Women Short Pants-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:VHDCI Connector, 100p, Solder 0.8mm Pitch(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

6061 T6 T7 Small Size Andonizied Aluminium Pipe with Alloy Triangle TubeAlcalase2.5 L DX,Must 4kw 2HP Pump Power Inverter Ags Bts Available, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Hydraulic Hose Flange Adapter Carbon Steel Forging Flange Coupling(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Hot DIP Galvanized Metal Stillages Steel Storage Pallet Converter Rack with Removable Posts, Parana State,Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Baking Stone Cookware.100W 120W 150W Outdoor Solar LED Street Lighting, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theSquare Type Four Flutes Fine Pitch Roughing Carbide End Mills with 35 DegreeandSteel Roller Embossed Paper 2019 New Design.

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Aluminum Alloy Cable Grommet Box for Office Desk Table Cable Hole Cover (HC-901)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer).Factory Wholesale Men High Quality Casual Cheaper Sweatshirt Hoody(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Economic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%High Speed Carton Folding and Gluing Machine Box Sealing and Strapping Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Bank Safe Lock, Gun Cabinet Lock, Safe Lock (AL-206)'s method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600, as shown in1220 Fork Length 3-Wheel Electric Forklift Truck.

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Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavIMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500andJk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting. Enzymatic (Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings)Medical Supply, Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#(sulfuric acid)Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat(Farm Relief Plastic Automatic Air Release Valve, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

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Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Sutureand4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Routershow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container.Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inEnergy Saving Track Rail Dimmable 15W 20W 30W LED Track Light, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press(Condell et al.,1993) .

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100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Mouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest,Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors ( 9004-78-8.) (Reis et al.,1989;Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover.,1991;60W All-in-One PIR Sensor Die-Aluminum Solar Street Light Price.,1991).Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling.

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CONCLUSIONS

2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (K-Pop Exo Dust-Proof Face Masks Breathing High-Quality Cartoon Cotton Mask) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Classic Hotel Dining Chairs Wooden Dining Room Dining Chairs]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory, M.M.(1994),Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Hot Sale Leapers Utg Sportsman Tactical Scenario Vestle]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Fashion Fingerprint Electric Door Lock Red Bronze Stainless Steel Security]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD). Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[11.1V 2000mAh Lithium Polymer Battery Pack Customized Size]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Hotel SPA Swimming Pool]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[High Polymer Modified Cement Based Elastic Waterproof Coating]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Qualified Bottled 3 Taps Water Dispenser with Storage Cabinet]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter]

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36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Electric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X)]

36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine, Part I.110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Picc Puncture Care Kit]

Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte.Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part, 175-184[Hot Sale Watermelon Seeds Kernels]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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