ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Seamless Long Sleeve T Shirts Super Soft Lightweight Workout Gym Clothing. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot

ABSTRACT

Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter.Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, 1996;Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502,1991).Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction,DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr(Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile, peptides or amino acids production (Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear, 1991;Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992.4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts, Parana State,Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot.Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theFull-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass SheetandFlexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall.

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Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Lydite Fence Reel Reel with Extension Arms for Farm Fencing).Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon, as shown inFire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket.

Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights⁰C and left for 2 h (G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Adhesive Custom Paper Stickers Printing Labels/ Sticker Label in Roll Use on Water Plastic Bottle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Automatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding Machine(Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCotton Bathrobe Manufacturers Cheap Price. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Cog Graphic FPC LCD Display Module.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Power Fitting- Hot DIP Galvanizing Bolt with Nut. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avSlewing Gear for Tower Crane Slewing Winch Reducer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.7-Gauge Polyester/Cotton Knitted Gloves with PVC DOT on One Side⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Quality Shoes Sandals Sneakers Comfortable Foam Injection Moulded Shoes, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

XPS Extruded Polystyrene Foam BoardandStrong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8). Enzymatic (Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop)Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved(sulfuric acid)Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line(Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage.Custom Rubber Product Seal O-Ring /NBR70 O Ringshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inModern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture, but not shown in3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board,11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length,1996).

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Hot Sales in Amazon Store 18V Cordless Drill Vertical Battery Pack for Home Work DIYandResistant Flame Retardant Fiberglass Cloth Aluminum Foil Tapeshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop.High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inHigh Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts(Condell et al.,1993) .

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White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door,Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears) (Reis et al.,1989;Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear.,1991;Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth.,1991).Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration.

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CONCLUSIONS

Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Well Furnir Aluminum Outdoor Stripe Sofa Sets with Cushion (WFR1807)]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System, M.M.(1994),Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C).The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Foton Right Hand Drive High Efficiency Suction Pump Sewer Scavenger 2000L Small Sewage Suction Truck]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Square Type Four Flutes Fine Pitch Roughing Carbide End Mills with 35 Degree]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Steel Roller Embossed Paper 2019 New Design]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Reasonable Price High Quality Nylon Cable Gland. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Summer White Plastic Handheld Battery Operated Portable Rechargeable Mini Fan.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Btc Casing Coupling]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer]

S235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube.High Quality Cheaper Sea Water Magnetic Flow Meter Flange Type. USP/SP[1220 Fork Length 3-Wheel Electric Forklift Truck]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[ Miniature Ball Bearing (616)]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hot Sell Mechanical Bar Screen for Water Treatment]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[m.gmcmagnet.com]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Tb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500]

New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone]

New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Worm Gear Operation Wafer Lined F3 Butterfly Valve]

New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve, Part I.DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen Display]

Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light.Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding, 175-184[G-800/1080 Automatic Paper Box Packaging Window Film Sticking Machine]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ Jar Opener]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Polyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver RouterAuthor for correspondence