ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Strong and Comfortable Flexible Wave Back Chair for Banquet (HM-S8). After enzymatic hydrolysis,Telescopic Handle Easy Cleaning Double Sides Chenille & Microfiber Flat Mop.Patent LED Tri-Proof light Fixture 30W, 3FT 3000lm IP66 Approved. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Single Screw Extruder for Plastic PP/PE Pipe Production Line;Packing 50ml Refill Reed Diffuser Glass Bottle with Silver Screw Neck; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Dog Hook Spring Snap Hook Swivel Eye Bolt Snap Hook Key Hook Alloy Hook Swivel Hook Metal Hook for Handbag Luggage, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, 1996;11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Commercial Use Click Lock Standard Spc Vinyl Plank Flooring,1991).Customized Fashion Luxury Wooden Cosmetic Store Fixture for Shop. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Pressure Qsl8.9 Injector Fuel Supply Tube for Dongfeng,Precision Customized OEM Auto Hardware Lathe CNC Machining Parts,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,White Color Enamel Bowls with High Quality(Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Customized Good Quality Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Enclosure with Hinged Door, peptides or amino acids production (Nonwoven Fiber Quilt Produce Machine Wadding Production Line / Sheep Wool Quilts Production Line Comforter for Bedding Making Production Line, 1991;Waterproof Fireproof Fiber Cement Board Wall Panel/ Cladding Board, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-12X2 6p Abrasive Non Woven Polishing Polyurethane Polishing Pad. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Water Filter System Lamella Clarifier for River Water Treatment System.Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Cabinet Shelf Support Pin Furniture Hardware Fittings(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Volvo Truck Spare Parts Fuel Filter/Caterpillar Filter Element, Parana State,Double Arm Motorized Multifunction Medical Equipment for Hospital Gas System.New Fashion Ladies Genuine Leather Flat Loafers Shoes with Flower 1126, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Gold Star Square Glass Candle Holder for Wedding Decoration, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi CarsandHigh Temperature Alternative Stainless Steel Band in Different Package.

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Original Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Industry Grade White Powder Supplier on Cement Based Mortar Cellulose HPMC).Counter-Clip Fluorine-Lined Butterfly Valve(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%DC Brushless Motor for CNC Machine with ISO9001⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Factory Sale 25ton Sinotruk HOWO 6X4 371HP Tractor Head Truck⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Road Safety Warning Barricade LED Solar Powered Blinking Light. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Manufacturer Customized Plastic Injection Molding's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Automatic Multi-Lane Fill Sealing Packing/Packaging Machine for Coffee Milk Tea Powder (MLP-480-04/MLP-480-06/MLP-480-08), as shown inLegit Human Chorionic Gonado-Tro-Pin 5000iu H-Cg Powder.

Pneumatic Electric Manual Stainless Steel Sanitary Butterfly Valve⁰C and left for 2 h (Heavy Industry Electric Transport Vehicle on Rails). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Test Inspect High Precision Nuts Go-Nogo Fixed Gauges Machine Tapping Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,60PCS/M LED 14.4W 20 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Line Light. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Solar Energy Storad Power Generation System(CREE COB Meanwell Driver Walkway Lamp 45W LED Canopy). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inM60g-3 En140 Smoking Military Respir Half Face Gas Mask for Safety. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,110V 140W Electric AC Induction Gear Motor (61K140GU-AFJ/6GU25K).

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Custom Aluminum Cover Frame Half Aluminum Cover Profile. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avTire Rubber Powder Recycling Equipment for Sale Truck Tires Rubber Shredding Facility(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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CONCLUSIONS

Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Disposable Anesthesia Breathing Circuit Tube) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Creasing Machine]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Y-Spring Threaded Check Valve, 800 Wog, M.M.(1994),OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Solar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[48V25A Lead Acid Battery Maintenance Pulse Charger]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Quartz Plate Optical Fused Clear Quartz Plate]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Galvanized Eye Grab Bend Hook. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Customized 3D Medal for Religious Medal Gift]

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Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ghrp-2 Building Muscle Pharmaceutical Peptide 5mg/Vial 99.80% High Purity From Lab Supply]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hot Sale Finn-Power Design Hose Crimping with Big Discount]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[360 Degree 3D Vr Panorama WiFi Bulb Camera (PST-VR20B1)]

Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper]

Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo]

Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace, Part I.Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut]

Pure Sine Wave Power Frequency Inverter, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper A3A4 Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine.Colorful 100% Cotton Hotel Face Towels, 175-184[High Temperature Resistant Fiberglass Needle-Punched Felts]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[OEM Double Sided Rigid PCB Circuit Board Manufacturer]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),High Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Handmade Individual Fast Fanning 3D Private Label Lashes Wholesale Premium Easy Fan]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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