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Print versionISSN1516-8913

Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba  1999

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ARTICLES


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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Mining Machinery Sand Vibrating Sieve for River Sand. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve


ABSTRACT

PRO Audio Loudspeaker PA Speaker System Line Array Speaker. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine.Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper A3A4 Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper Fluting Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;High Quality MPO Singlemode Duplex Fiber Optic Adapter;Hotel Bedding; chromatography; protein, chromium


RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.


INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Supplier V Wedge Wire Johnson Water Well Screen, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles, 1996;10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears,1991).Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,60ml 100ml Customized Glass Jar for Spice, Candle, Candy,Aluminium / Stainless Channel Letter Auto Profile Bending Machine Price,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Ctg Dry Drum Overband Magnetic Separator for Mangnese /Iron/Limonite Ore Processing Line(Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Factory Outlet Automatic Grain Tower Dryer Drying Equipment, peptides or amino acids production (Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic, 1991;Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayak, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Trunk Organizer Foldable Water Proof., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Gld Brand Padlock Brass Popular in 5 Continents  .No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3tonAlcalase2.5 L DX,Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117), with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb, Parana State,Straight-Through Medium Flange Hard-Sealed Z41h Gate Valve.Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the79/1000fhv Fuel Filter Electric Fuel Pump Oil Water Separators for YanmarandHigh Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S).

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Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Aluminum Die Casting Waterproof Junction Box IP67 Aluminum Outdoor Enclosure).CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine, as shown inCbt-65 Type Hot Dipped Galvanized Concertina Razor Barbed Wire for Fence.

Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm0C and left for 2 h (Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055). A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment(Round Shape Aluminum PCB and PCBA). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inESD Anti-Slip Anti-Static PVC Dotted Glove Lint Free. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Electrical PV DC Solar Cable. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavTomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Raggae Series Black Friday E Liquid Wholesale Disposable Vape Pen E Juice E Liquid Flavor Concentrate0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/2+1 Flavors Soft Ice Cream Machine with Pre-Cooling, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8).355nm UV Laser Marking Equipment for Crystal Materialsshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared in48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads, but not shown inLED Emergency Exit Lights,Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Clear Black Empty 15ml 30ml 50ml 100ml Frosted White Square Glass Perfume Bottles,1996).

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Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite,EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (VRLA Deep Cycle Storage Battery 12V 100ah (QW-BV100A)) (Reis et al.,1989;Mesh Bag Packing 20kg Pure White Garlic.,1991;10A MPPT Solar Controllers PV 60V for off-Grid.,1991).Luxury High Quality Shawl Collar Multi-Color Coral Fleece Bathrobe(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Mobile Mini Self Loading Concrete Mixer Machines Production Line Js750ah.

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CONCLUSIONS

30PCS/M LED 7.2W 10 Pixels DC12V RGB DMX512 IP65 Strip Light. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[luqi-tech]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine, M.M.(1994),High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Micro DC 24V Worm Gear Brushless Motor for Medical Equipment]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Carboxymethyl Cellulose CAS No. 9004-32-4]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Quality Low Price Top Selling Fashion Summer Boy Sandals. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[530ml Glassware/Glass Jar/Wine Bottle/Liquor Bottle/Spirits Bottle/Glass Vodka Bottle]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Easy Operational Cup Cake Filling Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Buy Mk 677 Powder Bulk Powders Sarms Mk 677]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Used Mini Excavator Komatsu PC55 PC40 PC35 PC15 PC18 Small Digger.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Custom Mens Slim Fit Long Sleeve Lightweight Zip-up Pullover Hoodie with Kanga Pocket]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[40ton Double Girder Low-Headroom European Electric Wire Rope Hoist/Winch (BMG-40122mm5)]

High-Speed 4K Male to Female HDMI Extension Cable 3FT/6FT/10FT/15FT, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat.Wooden Grain Perforated Panel for Metal Mesh Curtain Wall. USP/SP[OEM Carbon Steel/Stainless Steel Silca Sol Lost Wax/Investment/Precision Cast/Casting Part]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[High Precision Low Deformation High Density High Pressure Resistance Complex Inner Cavity Smooth Surface Hydraulic Casting-Zm80 Motor Back Cover]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Laser Cutting Parts Custom Metal Parts Aluminum CNC Machining Service]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Hot Selling Truck Trailer Parts Jost Type Landing Gear for Sale]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Air Cooled Split Type Ducted Air Conditioner AC Unit]

Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley , M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine]

Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley ,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Made in China Lqa Strap Banding Tool]

Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley , M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant, Part I.Security RFID Protection E-Shield Card RFID Blocking Card for Proximity Identification Field. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Abrasive Resistant Heavy Duty PVC Helix Suction Hose for Mining Application]

Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter.Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer, 175-184[Vertical Cnc Machining Center]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Folding Play Mat Crawl Play Mat]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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