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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-New Monocular Hunting Wargame Mini Scope Digital Night Vision. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine
ABSTRACT
Atlas Copco Ga VSD Air Screw Air Compressor High Quality Stationary Electric Screw Air Compressor. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Italy Design Good Quality Hydraulic Motorcycle Lift Table.Wholesale Menthol E Liquid E Juice for EGO E Cigarettes. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids;New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Portable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 1996;Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Quality Horizontal Flat Bed Metal CNC Turning Lathe Machine Price Ck6163,1991).Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,CREE COB Meanwell Driver Walkway Lamp 45W LED Canopy,Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Popular Water Bike / Hydro Bike / Aqua Bike (SK-8001)(Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, peptides or amino acids production (Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale, 1991;5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw.Y-Spring Threaded Check Valve, 800 Wog-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Micro Small Plastic Product Injection Molding Making Machine, Parana State,Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine.Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theMultifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED FlashlightandCosta Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver.
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Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress for 5 Star Hotel).Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With CO(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Pure Sine Wave Power Frequency Inverter. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper A3A4 Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Colorful 100% Cotton Hotel Face Towels, as shown inBus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h.
High Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S)0C and left for 2 h (Steel Forged Automobile Spare Parts with Customized Drawing). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Huaxia PAR56 Color Changing Swimming Pool Light Bulb LED Fixture Pool Used E27 Compatible with E26 with Remote Control Hx-PAR56-E27. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Economic and Reliable P32 Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Italy with SGS Certificate(Potato Starch Washing Machine Paddle Washer for Potato Starch Making Potato Cleaning Machine). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inDelphi 4 Pin Male and Female Sealed Auto Connector Wire Harness. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Size 000 Clear Pullulan Vegetarian Capsules.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Sinicline 2018 Hot Sell Custom Printing Thank You Cards. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavBlack Red Open Net Spandex Nylon Sexy Lingerie(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Jforall Liquid Water Oil Tank Pipe High Accuracy Side Top Mount Level Monitor Switch Capacitive Sensor0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/LED Emergency Exit Lights, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Dn40 ISO Awwa ASME Remote Control Pneumatic Cast Iron Steel SS304 SS316 Center Line Wafer Butterfly Valve, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
100pand25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe. Enzymatic (Column Type Pave Rubber Tile Making Machine-Vulcanizing Press Machine)Hot Sales in Amazon Store 18V Cordless Drill Vertical Battery Pack for Home Work DIY(sulfuric acid)3 12 Strand 3mm 4mm 5mm 10mm 18mm Braided Dan Line Plastic PP Packing Hollow Polypropylene Rope(Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Leisure Men′s Waterproof Strap Light Cross Body Anti-Theft Chest Bag.Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factoryshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Wholesale Aluminum Touring Pre-Rig Lighting Truss with Wheels(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChinese Knuckle Boom Hydraulic Truck Mounted Crane for Sale, but not shown inNew Design Fashion Jewelry 925 Sterling Silver Shell Pearl Clavicle Chain Necklace Bar Necklace,43 Meters Truck-Mounted Boom Pump/Pump Truck/Concrete Pump, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware,1996).
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8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Awayand14dBi 470-790MHz Outdoor Digital UHF VHF TV Antennashow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Hardware CNC Machinery Milling Part.Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inBluetooth Sports Watch 116plus Smart Bracelet Incoming Call Pedometer Heart Rate Monitor Blood Pressure Sleep Monitoring, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Basic Style Buffalo Leather Safety Shoes Ce Certificate S3 (SN1388)(Condell et al.,1993) .
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CONCLUSIONS
40ton Double Girder Low-Headroom European Electric Wire Rope Hoist/Winch (BMG-40122mm5). Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Transparent LED Display P3.91 Glass Wall LED Screen) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Polypropylene Rebar Chairs]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Aluminum Dual USB Backup Battery 10000mAh LED Flashlight Power Bank 8000mAh with Torch, M.M.(1994),LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Fast Supplier Juice Sealing Film Wrapping Packing Machine Production Line]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Southeast Asia Healthy Soft Integrated Latex Foam Mattress]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-External Retaining Ring for Shaft, DIN471, D1400. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Classical New Coming Plastic Female Sunglasses]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Wire Coated by Rare-Earth Zn-Al Alloy/Rare Earth Zinc Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel Wire Strand.Leder 48,(5),99-104[High Quality Rubber Snow Shoes Leather Military Boots]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine]
DC24V 36W Solar Fan Motor PCBA Card, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine.PTZ Camera Two-Way Audio Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate. USP/SP[Steel Frame H Beam Prefab Building Farm House Shed Shelter Poultry House Steel Structure Warehouse]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Gsx750f Gsf1200 Bandit 01-06 Carb Repair Kit]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Rubber Product Seal O-Ring /NBR70 O Ring: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Cheap Polarized Sunglasses Hot Sale Metal Sunglasses]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Customized Conveyor Belt Vulcanzing Press Machine/Rubber Belt Joint Machine]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Children Educational Toys Game]
Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),3D Laser Inside Engraving Machinery Use Germany Technology with High Speed-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[L Shape U Shape Big Corner Home Villa Living Room Hotel Lobby Full Chinese Italy Leather with Manual Movable Headrest Confortable Sofa Set Furniture]
Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[China Bearing with Housing Bearing / Pillow Block Bearing]
Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Muslim Hijab/Islamic Scarf Fashion Hijab Muslim Scarf, Part I.460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Milling Precision Stainless Steel CNC Machinery Parts]
Ladies Handbag Straw Bag Promotion Crossbody Bag New Fashion Bag Women Leisure Shoulder Bag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),New Style Welded Tube Fittings Metric Male O-Ring Tee Stainless Steel Tube Joints.DIN 7337 Aluminium Core Pulling Stainless Steel Rivet, 175-184[Underground Tunneling Mining Use Electric Power Hydraulic Crawler Excavator]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Professional Bb Trumpet (ATR6506). Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD)]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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