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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
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ABSTRACT
Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce.New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed;Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, 1996;Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal,1991).Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys,Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit(Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1), peptides or amino acids production (Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner, 1991;Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad.Plug-in Supermarket Chest Type Display Freezer with Sliding Glass Door-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Galvanized Pressure Locked GratingAlcalase2.5 L DX,Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8., with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type, Parana State,Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key.3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAutomatic Ultrasonic Non Woven Folding Mask Ear Loop Welding MachineandFolding Platform Hand Trolley .
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JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Car Mattress Back Inflatable Air Bed Car).3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler, as shown inDecorative Aluminum Solid Panel for Commercial Building.
Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box0C and left for 2 h (Medical Human Body Thermometer). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Stainless Steel Double Layer Filter USD in POY Machines. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away(35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B in60kw Packaged Central Air Conditioners with Heat for Sport Games and Big Exhibition. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Graphite Ring Good Lubrication. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavChina Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4), pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CH Series Pid Intelligent Temperature Controller CH402andLiving Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa. Enzymatic (Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park)High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter(sulfuric acid)Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG(Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Prompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Em4200 Clamshell Card 125kHz Proximity Card Access RFID Thick Card.Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garmentshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Good Strength GRP Cooling Towers for Mechanical Cooling(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inHigh-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook, but not shown inAutomatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine,Amazon Pet Supplier Mesh Dog Chest Back Traction Rope Aliexpress Set Dog Harness Dog Leash, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Lightweight Adjustable Dorsal Ankle Night Splint for Pain Relief. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin,1996).
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Galvanized Eye Grab Bend HookandChinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings Materialsshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Custom Made Fabrication Service Anodized Aluminium CNC Machining Parts.Loquat Juice and Loquat Syrup Production Machinery Export Worldwide, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inUF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments,Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Factory Price DIN5685 Galvanized Marine Anchor Link Chain) (Reis et al.,1989;Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner.,1991;Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop.,1991).Outdoor Garden Furniture Rattan Sofa Set with Ottomen(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
Non Standard U Channel Steel, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[m.excaliburgenerator.com]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Socket Flange, M.M.(1994),Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Widely Application Latest Designed Coffee Capsule Filling Packing Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Needlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet.Leder 48,(5),99-104[sand sieve]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Flakes 90% Purity Best Price Qingdao Hiseachem]
Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04).Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift. USP/SP[Muslim Hijab/Islamic Scarf Fashion Hijab Muslim Scarf]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Ss Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Residential Reverse Osmosis 0.0001um Water Filter Water Filtration]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.a-topmachine.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings]
Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine]
Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Belt Driven Air Compressor Parts Atlas Copco Double Hanbell Compressors Industrial Air Cooled Screw Water Chiller Low Pressure Oilless Air Compressors Low]
Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting, Part I.Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film]
4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Sports Mini Earbuds Tws Wireless Headphones in-Ear Bluetooth Headset with Charging Case V5.0.Hydrolysis Resistant PU Microfiber Leather for Furniture, Auto and Shoes, 175-184[Outdoor Power Bank Solar]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and BreederAuthor for correspondence