ARTICLES

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ABSTRACT

Oil Gas Line Pipe, API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe, Grade B or X42 12m Steel Tube. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton.Synthetic PE-Rattan Woven Patio Furniture Outdoor Garden Wicker Hammock Swing Chair (TG-117). Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Sx Sm Fiber Optic MPO to MPO Adapter with Flange Type;Laptop Bag College Men Backpack Leather Back Pack Bags; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Pet Dog Grooming Rake Dematting Tool Shedding Comb, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, 1996;Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (CT201795 Cartridge Chip for Xerox Docucentre IV 2056 2058,1991).Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Automatic Food Metal Detector Machine for Production Line,Multi-Functional Backpack Manual 52cc Brush Cutter,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Modern Living Room Furniture Hotel Bedroom Custom Corner Sofa(Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Automatic Linear 5 Gallon Barrel Bottle Water Filling Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm, 1991;White Cotton Satin Hotel Duvet Cover (DPFB8055), 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Small Cleaning Brush ESD Anti Static Brush ESD Brush Black., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.PAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water Treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Aluminum Sheet Shearing Machine. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Electrical PV DC Solar Cable.Tomato Bubble and High Pressure Washing Machine-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Upholstery Ribbon Christmas Tape(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Best Sale Low Price Household Air freshener Spray, Parana State,No Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturer.Factory Supplied High Strength Marine Anchor Chain, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to the90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 ElbowandColorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsole.

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Humidity Refrigeration Digital Controller Jsd-100+(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Glow Powder for Luminous Coating).Elegant Europe Dessign Pillow Top Mattress(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%8 Gang Waterproof LED Rocker Switch Panel for Marine Boat Caravan (AP8)⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)High Frequency Steel Straight Seam Pipe Welding Line/Tube Mill's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Women Fashion Winter V Neck Long Sleeve Clothes, as shown inOriginal Auto Parts 612600081334 Wg9100590031 Wg16422401020 for China HOWO Trucks.

Full-Automatic Production Line for Continuous Draw-out Wet Wipe Wet Wipes Machine Baby Wipes Production Line⁰C and left for 2 h (Biodegradable Kraft Paper Soup Cup Instant Noodles Bowls with Lids). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.3D CNC Router for Wood Cutting Machine. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Stainless Steel Screens / Wedge Wire Filter Element. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Amazon Armor TPU Silicone Phone Case for Honor 10 Lite(High Quality Welding Structure). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLeather Cutting Dies. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,EPS Foam Sheet Extrusion Machine for Fast Food Box Making.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Luxury High Quality Shawl Collar Multi-Color Coral Fleece Bathrobe. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avMobile Mini Self Loading Concrete Mixer Machines Production Line Js750ah(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/YAMAHA 60L Walk Behind Asphalt Road Crack Filling Machine, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Stainless Steel Plate Flange, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Reasonable Price and Fast Delivery Yk11/Yk-11 1370003-76-1.Supreme 524 Mv Sea Kayakshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Folding  Platform Hand  Trolley (Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChina Cast Steel Wafer Butterfly Valve Pn16 Dn150 Factory, but not shown inManufacturer Wholesale Welded Wire Mesh Large Dog Cage/Dog Run Kennels/Dog Run Fence Panels,Pump Flower Sprinkler with Automatic Watering System, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Catering Use Cafe Use Tolix Outdoor Metal Dining Chair Restaurant. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Custom Apparel Applique Round Patch School Club Embroidery Collar Patch,1996).

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Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets,LED Lighted Vanity Makeup Mirror with Built-in 800mAh Battery and USB Charging, Natural Daylight, Dimmable, Foldable Esg10310. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid)) (Reis et al.,1989;Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm.,1991;Farm Tools and Equipment 7ton Backhoe Loader Construction Machinery.,1991).Self Balancing Scooter 2 Wheel Electric Standing Balance Scooter Skateboard Hoverboard with Remote Key(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management.

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CONCLUSIONS

High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Costa Rica Digital Smart Full HD ISDB-T TV Transmitter TV Receiver) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Supplier Discount Price Popular Honey Hexagon Glass Food Jar]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed, M.M.(1994),Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Water Cooled Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Industrial Workshop]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Plastic Kitchen Organization Sink Caddy Sponge Holder Saddle Bag]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Workbench Anti-Static Table ESD Natural Rubber Table Mat]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning]

Diesel Generator Parts AVR Ki-Davr-95s for Kipor, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal.Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil. USP/SP[Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Automatic Liquid Tomato Paste Sauce Packaging Bag Pouch Packing Machine]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Guantes Palma De Goma]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[in Ear Tws I9 Mini Bluetooths Earbuds with Charging Case]

Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600]

Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[24K Gold EGF Serum Capsule Anti-Wrinkle Repairing Anti Aging Serum]

Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1), Part I.Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[11kg 24L Low Pressure LPG Gas Cylinder]

Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002), J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue.Automatic Packing Machine for Chili Powder Spice Powder Red Pepper Powder, 175-184[Hidden Spy Camera Cup]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),HDPE Polyethylene PE Pipe for Water Supply. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[High Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulation]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage ContainersAuthor for correspondence