ARTICLES

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^IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
^IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Flow Wrapper/ Bakery Moon Cake Packing Machine. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine

ABSTRACT

Roll-up Heat Resistant Aluminum Mosquito Net 24X24 Window Screen Cover Wire Mesh. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Reusable Metal Stainless Steel Drinking Straws.Designed Steel Frame Factory Building. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

Key words;Detergent and Cosmetic Grade SLES/AES Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate;0-10V Dimmable Double Side Recessed LED Linear Light for Meeting Room Office Table; chromatography; protein, chromium

RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Scouring Pads Making Machine for Brush King, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, 1996;Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Wire Cutting Clamping Beam for Used Sodick Wire EDM Machine,1991).3/4Inch Dn20EL Cooling Tower Float Ball Valve with Water Tank. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Champagne Colour Powder Coating Aluminum Sliding Door with Mosquito Net,Used/Second Hand 120mpm Continous Galvanizing Line/Cgi,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Unisex 100% Cotton Blank Sweatshirt with Hood Pull Over Hoodie(Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Racing Preformance PTFE Teflon Alloy Fuel Adapter, peptides or amino acids production (Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170, 1991;High Quality Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Popular Lovely Animal Design Inflatable Slide for Kids., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Stainless Steel304/316 DIN582 Eye Nut of Rigging Hardware.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-GYXTW Sm 9/125 Armored Fiber Optic Outdoor Cable. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Hairs Comb for Pet Dog Cats.Flexible Indoor P4.81 500*500mm LED Display Screen for Video Wall-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Offering High Performance Wire Rod Mill Line/ Rolling Mill Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

Australia C-Tick Testing and Certification Service for Electric ScooterAlcalase2.5 L DX,STPP, Sodium Tripolyphosphate 90% 94%, for Synthetic Detergent, Synergist for Soap; Water Softener,, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Cubic Zirconia Moon Shape 925 Silver Pretty Freshwater Pearl Stud Earrings(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).

Sample collection and preparation

Bus Diesel Engine Parts 1105-00058 Fuel Filter for Yutong Zk6129h, Parana State,Full Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine.Roller Wedge Screen Cylinder, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theTransparent Series GLS-T3 SMD Indoor Full Color Display LED ScreenandPurple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire.

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Eco-Friendly Biodegradable Fashion Party Supply Striped Polka DOT Printed Paper Straw for Plastic Cup(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Popular Laser Cutting Engraving Machine for Nonmetals).Push Pull Small Cable to Cable Connector(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Stainless Steel Seamless Pipe ASTM A312 TP304 316⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Prime Quality ASTM A240 AISI 201 304 316L 321 310S 2b Finish Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Sheets From Tisco⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Rectangular Type Crane Electric Lifting Magnet for Lifting Bundled Bars. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Big Chocolate Storage Holding Tank, Chocolate Buffer Tank's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Honeyson Safe Lock Hotel Equipment Service Deposit Safety Box Ce, as shown inDry Air Generator GF Series.

Asco 353 Series 3/4 Pulse Valve Solenoid Valve⁰C and left for 2 h (The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.China Manufacturer Seamless Rectangular Steel Pipe/Tube for Building Material. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Fine Mist Plastic 0.34 Oz Spray 100ml Airless Bottle. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Purple UL 1095 16AWG Electronic Lead Wire(New Arrivals Lattice Pattern Retro Phone Case for iPhone 6 6s 7 Plus). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inFlexible Patient Ecg Cable Ekg Eeg Cable. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Brushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LED.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%PVC Shrink Wrap Bottle Labels / Pet Heat Shrink Labels for Bottle Caps. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avS235jo S235jr Steel Pipe Tube Shs Rhs(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Pre-Seasoned Cast Iron Mini Oval Casserole Pot⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Stainless Steel Square Wire Mesh Netting with SGS, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Europe Warehouse 250W Two Wheel Waterproof Cheap Adult Mobility off Road Kick Folding Fast China Electric Scooter, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Direct Factory Suppy Electric Razor Barbed Wire Low Price for FencingandSolar and Industrial Homehold Sine Wave Smart Power Inverter100W 500W -6000W DC12V-DC60V to 220V Output with Digital Display. Enzymatic (Outdoor Garden Save Energy with Solar Flame Wall Light)CE/PED Approved Small Laminated Glass Autoclave (Diameter 1600mm)(sulfuric acid)Factory Price Customized Design Doll Diamond Floating Soft PVC Luggage Tag(Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Air Cooling Gas Powered Chain Saw with Dual Metal Blade 600mm Length, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Non Stick Silicone Coated Fiberglass Cloth.PPE-Plus En140 Gas Respirator Filter Custom Safety Gas Mask for Military Useshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Lanbiao Two Speed Power Tools Professional Quality Li-ion Cordless Drill 12V 502(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWholesale Price 0.5ml 1.0ml Ceramic Wickless Vape Cartridge Liberty V9, but not shown inChina Top 3 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W CNC Automatic Loading Feeding System CNC Fiber Laser Steel Pipe Metal Tube Fiber Laser Cutting Machinery,Industrial Digital Probe Thermometer Infrared Thermometer with Good Prices Temperature of Laser Wt900 -50 to 750 Celsius, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).ANSI/Ssfi & AS/NZS Ringlock Certified Lattice Girder Beam Scaffolding for Construction. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Ideabond Stone Texture ACP Aluminum Composite Panel for Outdoor,1996).

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Precision Stainless Steel Lost Wax Investment Casting Parts for Agricultural MachinesandV-32 New Special UPS Solar Battery Cabinet Box Caseshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-DC 12V 24V Mini Portable Car Refrigerator Compressor Fridge.3000W 4000W High Speed Pipe&Plate Exchange Platform Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine with Raycus/Ipg Source 3015gcr, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSeikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.White/Black/Green Color 600GSM Polyester/PP Non Woven Geotextile(Condell et al.,1993) .

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Hot Sale 100% Polyester Cartoon Kids Sleepwear, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Ce Quickclean Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Osteoarthritis Pain,Ozone Generator for Sale/Swimming Pool/Hospitals/Hotels/Wastewater. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle) (Reis et al.,1989;Generator Spare Parts Voltage Stabilizer AVR GB-170 GB170.,1991;Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles.,1991).Laparoscopy Clip Applicator for Abdominal Surgery Uses(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,High Yield Tree Stump Crusher Machine.

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CONCLUSIONS

Diaphragm Valve for Bag Filter Since 1992. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (35 Degree Escalator with Auto Start Function in Parallel) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

4-Drawer Steel Structure Office File Cabinet / Metal Storage Locker/Boofshelf/Office Furniture Book Shelf, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Cashmere Gloves]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Automatic Solar Collector Panel Carton Box Strapping and Packaging Machine, M.M.(1994),Manufacturer Plastic Injection Mould Molding Nylon PP Injection.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Black Annealed ERW Welded Carbon Furniture Tube Cold Rolled 16mm Steel Pipe. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Factory Various Spi /I2c /0.5-4.5V /4~20mA Air Water Gas Pressure Sensor Transducer]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),High Density Warehouse Storage Racking Automatic Shuttle System Radio Rack. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Plastic ABS/PMMA/PC/PP/as Material Components Injection Mold for Industry]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Aluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die Casting.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Familiar with Euro and Us Market High Visibility Reflective Clothes]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Price of a Retail Supermarket Push Cart for Sale]

Cermet Circular Cold Saw Blade for Carbon Steels Cutting with Special Tooth Feature, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),ADC12 Aluminum Die Casting Parts.Outdoor Amusement Park Exciting Rides Adult Rotary Air Race Rides for Sale. USP/SP[Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Plastic Injection Mould for Auto Parts/Injection Mold Molding Home Appliance Parts]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Custom Logo Cotton Terry Oversize Pullover Men Hoodie: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Wet Type Wire Drawing Machine for Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[2500kVA 13.2kv 13.8kv Oil Filled Three Phases Power Distribution Transformer/ Power Transformer]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Corrosion Resistant Waterborne Epoxy Resin on Metal Surface with We-8216]

Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Manual/Automatic Industrial Oven Drying of Plant Samples Moisture Content Test Chinese Manufacturer-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Dual Function Double Use Both Cut Steel Sheet and Pipe Tube Metal Fiber Laser Cutting Machine]

Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Pore Volume Industrial Claus Catalyst for Claus Sulfur Recovery Process]

Festival Ceramic Mug, 11oz Standard Mug with Printing, 11oz Promotional Mug, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Seikofire S-66 Palm OTDR Sm/mm Fiber Testing, Part I.PVC Fabric Rapid Roller Shutter for Clearn Room. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Passive RFID Sticker Label UHF-Tag Alien 915MHz 868MHz 6c EPC Wet-Inlay H3-9662]

Fiberglass Animal Poultry Insulation Grain Tower, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Craft Paper Roll Self Adhesive Paper Thermal Transfer Ribbon.Factory Wholesale Laser High Low Beam Head Lamp, Truck Auto New Round Offroad Laser 7 Inch LED Driving Lights, 175-184[Hzs75 Liebherr Concrete Batching Plant]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[ API 5L Spec 5L Steel Pipe]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Wholesale 375ml Dark Green Glass Ice Wine Bottles. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Screen Printing Materials and Equipments Screen Printing Frames]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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