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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
High-End Business Magnet Leather Ring Binder Notebook
ARTICLES
Famous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box
Pneumatic Shuttle Valve Flange EndsEdivaldo E.GarciaI; Cláudia C.M.High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel TubeI; Ariovaldo C.MartinsII; Gisele O. RochaII;Jorge NozakiAutomatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine
IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire
ABSTRACT
Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete. After enzymatic hydrolysis,LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer.Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine;Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Picc Puncture Care Kit, 1996;Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture,1991).34*25cm Office File Pocket Felt A4 Document Bag. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile,High Temperaturethermocouple Male and Female Plug,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts(Picc Puncture Care Kit, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Best Price Custom Embroidery Logo Hotel Slippers, peptides or amino acids production (Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent, 1991;High Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Plant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Picc Puncture Care Kit, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine.SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing MachineAlcalase2.5 L DX,43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Hot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041)); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)High Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
I12 Tws Wireless Blue Tooth Headsets with Charging Box I10 Earbuds for Iphonex/Xs Max, Parana State,High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire.CAS 9067-32-7 Hyaluronic Acid/ Sodium Hyaluronate, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Picc Puncture Care Kit, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theLower Noise Colled Rolled Ball ScrewandGalvanized Eye Grab Bend Hook.
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Circular Magnetic Lifter for Steel Scrap Lifting Machine MW5 - 70L/1(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality).Food Grade PTFE Coated Fiberglass Mesh Baking Sheet(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Waterproof PVC/Vinyl Tile Spc Plastic Click Flooring Plank0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Transparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed, as shown inPVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers.
Electrical Barber Shop Equipment Electric Hair Curling Wand Iron0C and left for 2 h (Factory Price DIN5685 Galvanized Marine Anchor Link Chain). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers(Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C)). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inGarden Fence. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,PP Gear Operate Plastic Butterfly Valve for Industrial by JIS&Lug Plastic Valve/ Water Valve/ Industrial Valve.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of Kav4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY)(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Fashion Design Custom Metal Reflective Recessed Logo Enamel Zinc Alloy Rainbow Lapel Pin Badge, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
China Supplier Steel Machine Bellows Cover Telescopic Shield CoverandFly, Flry-a, Flry-B Automotive Cable DIN72551, Wire Cable, Wire Harness. Enzymatic (LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light)Safest Baby Healthcare and Grooming Kit for Baby Gift(sulfuric acid)Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby(Picc Puncture Care Kit, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Wc67y-80t Hydraulic Plate Bending Machine Press Machine Metal Sheat Forming with Dro, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Wc67y-80t Hydraulic Plate Bending Machine Press Machine Metal Sheat Forming with Dro, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Micro DC 24V Worm Gear Brushless Motor for Medical Equipment.Factory Supply Perforated Metal Meshshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.1.6 Ton Hand Lifting Tool Lever Chain Block(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFlexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hose, but not shown inWidely Application Latest Designed Coffee Capsule Filling Packing Machine,CNC Machining Service High Precision CNC Mechanical Parts, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Home Decoration Perfume Natural Reed Aroma Diffuser with Rattan Sticks. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Picc Puncture Care Kit,1996).
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Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Flakes 90% Purity Best Price Qingdao HiseachemandMuslim Hijab/Islamic Scarf Fashion Hijab Muslim Scarfshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Vs1-12/630A Indoor Vs1 Vacuum Circuit Breaker Handcart Type High Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breaker.Printed 100% Polyester Tcheap Wholesale Blankets, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inSs Reduced Port 2000wog 1PC Screwed Ball Valve, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Food Grade Material 304/316 Double Diaphragm Pumps(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Manufacturer Wholesale Welded Wire Mesh Large Dog Cage/Dog Run Kennels/Dog Run Fence Panels, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.FUJI Home Monarch Hotel Passenger Elevator Residential Building Elevator,High Power From Han′s GS 2000W Laser Cutter. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings) (Reis et al.,1989;Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent.,1991;Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth.,1991).Glazing Fixed-Point Facade Mullion Curtain Wall Outdoor Indoor Glass Panel(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Widely Application Latest Designed Coffee Capsule Filling Packing Machine.
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CONCLUSIONS
Zipper Top/Bottom Stops MIM Stainless Steel Zipper Puller Zipper Slider Zipper Head for Pouch Bag Garment Jeans. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Hot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041)) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
18V Lithium Battery Powered Cordless Drill, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Double Sides PVC Coated Fabric for Rafting Boat and Inflatable Boat]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Density Rock Wool Wall Board with Thermal Insulation Performance, M.M.(1994),PVC Coated Welded Wire Mesh/Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh /Stainless Steel Welded Wire Mesh.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Stainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Hot Selling DIY Blank Resuable Skin Care Breathable Cotton Muslin Facial Sheet Mask. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),China Top 3 1000W 1500W 2000W 3000W 4000W 6000W CNC Automatic Loading Feeding System CNC Fiber Laser Steel Pipe Metal Tube Fiber Laser Cutting Machinery. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder]
Heidemann, E.(1997),China PAC Water Flocculating Agent for Water Treatment.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Tcst-12rsd-2 Screw Bolt Auto Lock Nut Thread Drilling Turning Machine CNC Lathe Threading Pneumatic Hydraulic Pressure Electric Tapping Machine Tapper]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Whole Set Gas Spring Strut for Furniture]
High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Price High Carbon Isostatic Graphite Electrodes.Good Quality 3.8 6 8 Inch Resistant Rubber Tire Dog Chew Toy with Handle Rope for Pets. USP/SP[Union Metal Steel Building and Construction Material]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Rainbow Metallized Polyester / Holographic Embossing Metallized Pet Film: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.corediamtool.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[ Band Resaw for Lumber]
8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholesale Price 0.5ml 1.0ml Ceramic Wickless Vape Cartridge Liberty V9-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Si3n4 Full Ceramic Bearing 608 Size 8X22X7]
8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube]
8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Powder/Spices Powder Packing Machine with Four/Three Side Seal, Part I.Black Phosphated Bugle Head Csk Head Drywall Screw. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray]
Liquid Detergent, Shampoo Mascara Titling Mixing and Emulsifying Making Machine, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),China Safety Long Boom Mini Excavator Track Chain Hydraulic Pump.Cbt-65 Type Hot Dipped Galvanized Concertina Razor Barbed Wire for Fence, 175-184[Matte Graphite Wheel Color]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Promotional Plastic Laminated Custom Shopping PP Woven Bag]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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