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ABSTRACT

Yitai Die Making 13mm Beech Rotary Plywood. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Gear Rolling Machine Zh28/25 Spline Hobbing Machine.OEM ODM Custom Moulding Silicone EPDM Nr SBR NBR Acm NR Rubber Molding Molded Industrial Parts Product Auto Rubber Parts. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, 1996;Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (12 Cheap Kick Scooter/Kids Scooter Scooter/ Hot Sale Kick Scooter (SY-SC12026),1991).Pneumatic Control Shuttle Valve NPT Thread. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Four Column Hydraulic Press Machine for Kitchen Sink Deep Drawing,OEM 15PCS Electric Face Makeup Brush with Ce Certificate,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,New Styles Fashion Erotic Women Underwear Sexy Lingerie(Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,on Site Use Psa Oxygen Plant Oxygen Cylinder Filling Machine Hot Sale, peptides or amino acids production (Stand Hot and Cold Normal Water Dispenser with Refrigerator, 1991;High Quality Construction Welding Rods Electrode E6013 E7018 E7016, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Pore Volume Industrial Claus Catalyst for Claus Sulfur Recovery Process., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Day & Night Vision 40X60 Hunting Camping Hiking HD Optical Monocular.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Lydite Fence Reel Reel with Extension Arms for Farm Fencing. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰1080P Smart Home Wide Angle IP Camera Alarm Baby Monitor with 2 Way Audio.Customized 3D Medal for Religious Medal Gift-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Size0/Color/Organic/Pullulan/HPMC/Gel/Hollow/Veggie/Transparent/Clear/Empty Capsules(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Strong Cleaning Bow-Tie Scourer Pad Shape Abrasive Green Scouring Pad, Parana State,Wholesale Genuine Leather Credit Card Mens Wallet.Petrol Chain Saw Wood Cutting Machine 38cc Chainsaw CS3800, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theAluminum Forging Cast Metal Sand Die CastingandHigh Class Polyimide Film Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tape for Electrical Insulation.

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Heavy Duty Rope12 Strand PP PE Mixed Pull Mooring Mope(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (6LTR Stainless Steel Foam Empty Fire Extinguisher Cylinder).High Cut Genuine Leather Safety Shoes for Electrician in Guangzhou(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%High Quality 4X2 and 6X4 China Heavy Duty Tractor Truck HOWO Tractor Truck⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Aluminum Bright Polished Mirror Sheet⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Chik Chrome Steel High Carbon Ball Bearing for Motor Bike Automobile (6215 RS ZZ open). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Professional Motorcycle Reflector Injection Plastic Parts Mould Maker's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)O Shape Hole Design Small Round Hole Fixed Head LED Downlight 9W 11W, as shown inSwbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming.

Cheaper Factory Price! Foam Slicing Vertical Cutting Machine in China⁰C and left for 2 h (Dn32 (11/4) BSPT Thread Air Actuated Piston Valves). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Auto Engine Radiator for Honda Accord 97-00 CF4 OEM 19010-PDA-E51. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'AC/DC Pure Sine Wave Inverters for PV Solar System off Grid System(32W Dimmable Interior Ceiling LED Recessed/Flush Can/Spot Down Lights for Office/Hotels/Shopping Mall). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inLinear Mining Shaker Screen. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Molasses Fuel Ethanol Distillation Plant.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Pond Self Priming Booster Pressure Water Pump with Check Valve. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avBanded Type Tee Used on Oil(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.High Precision Low Deformation High Density High Pressure Resistance Complex Inner Cavity Smooth Surface Hydraulic Casting-Zm80 Motor Back Cover⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Pressure Braided Rubber Oil Hose, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh MachineandMonochrome Graphic Industrial Control LCD Display Module 128X64. Enzymatic (SMD LED Light-Operated USB Rechargeble Flashlight)Holland Welded Wire Mesh Euro Fencing /Euro Fence for Garden(sulfuric acid)1jo4 Hydraulic Adaptors for Hose Fittings(Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Chinese 1325 Ce Certificated CNC Engraving Router for Sale, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Oil Heating Reactor.Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altimashows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Zhejiang Manufacture Explosion Proof Intelligent Electric Actuator(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inRoller Wedge Screen Cylinder, but not shown inFreshwater Pearl Butterfly Flower Bride Hairpin,6 12 18 10 Lead Raw ECG Electrode Cable Placement Used for Patient ECG Monitoring, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).All Kinds of Color Fashion Simple Stone Pendant Design Necklace. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Classic Black Color Commercial Glass Door Multi Deck Refrigerator,1996).

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Barb NPT Male Pipe Hose Fitting Adapter Jic Female Fitting, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Toilet Roll Tissue Wrapping Machine with Auto - Counting,Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer Machine. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Vertical Full Automatic Packing Machine for Tea Powder Pepper Powder Herbal Powder Chemical Powder Filling Machine Labeling Machine Capping Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Stand Hot and Cold Normal Water Dispenser with Refrigerator.,1991;Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Elisa Kits.,1991).Orange Monofilament Fishing Tackle Nylon Fish Net(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Crushed Knitting Velvet Sofa Fabric Furniture Fabric (CD002).

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CONCLUSIONS

By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Factory Custom Mini Gas Powered Hydraulic Power Unit Power Pack and Hydraulic System Hydraulic Station or Hydraulic Motor) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Art Design 8.3mm Engineered Wood Flooring HDF Unilin Click Class31 Crystal Surface Laminate/Laminated Flooring]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,High Purity Magnesium Metal Ingot/Pure Magnesium Alloy Ingot 99.98% 99.95%, M.M.(1994),Evaporator Finned Tube.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Steel Wire Rope Pulling Hoist or Manual Lifting Tirfor]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Men Training Sportswear Collection Muscle T Shirt Function Vest Fitness Shirts Sport Tops Gym Activewear. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Variable 50Hz 22kw AC Drive 3 Phase Frequency Inverter]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Winter Design Acrylic Beanie /Bobble Jacquard Hat with Flowers /Machine for Knitted Winter Cap with Embroidery Circular Hat Knitting Machine. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Designed Steel Frame Factory Building]

Heidemann, E.(1997),100%Polyester Spandex Hotel Chair Cover (DPH7022).Leder 48,(5),99-104[E Waste Recycling Machinery]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW]

Cheap Bent 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm Clear Curved Tempered Glass for Construction Building, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Factory Supply Perforated Metal Mesh.CNC Turning Center, CNC Horizontal Turning Milling Machine. USP/SP[By6-8-200-L Automatic Doypack Premade Pouch Packing Machine]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[6 Inch Plastic Breathing Cap for The IBC Valve]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Factory Hot Sale Decorating The Christmas Tree Polyester Stain Ribbon Pmb-16: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Black Tko Wholesale Vape Carts 0.8ml Empty Tank Vape Cartridges Atomizer 510 Thread Sauce Carts]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Garbage Truck Dimensions]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll]

Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Wholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank Button-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Water Slide for Indoor Play Structure]

Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[PTZ Camera Two-Way  Audio  Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate]

Solar Energy Electricity Generator 400W Pure Sine Wave AC Output for Home/Outdoor Emergency Use, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Vitamin D3 Fat-Solubility Water-Solubility Feed Additive, Part I.Factory Wholesale Zinc Plated Carbon Steel Hex Nut. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting]

Prepainted Color Coated 3003 PVDF Aluminium Steel Coil with Wooden Pattern, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Customized Electric Vehicle Brushless DC Motor 1kw 3000rpm 24V.Stainless Steel Cheese Making Machine Electric, 175-184[Outdoor Modern Hotel Garden Livingroom Furniture Luxury Balcony Rattan Couch Modular Sofa Sets]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Yashi 42 Inch LED Multi Touch Screen Interactive Whiteboard]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Cpri Outdoor Patch Cord Fullx LC Duplex for Huawei & Ericsson Bts. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization)]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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