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ABSTRACT

Stucco Embossed Aluminium Cladding Polysurlyn 3003 H14 Sheet in Coil. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Marine Mooring Hardware, Anchor Chain.Laser Shoulder Messenger Bag Mini Clear Transparent Jelly Backpack for Girls. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Cheap Factory Price Wholesale Mini Vape Disposable Pod Vape Refillable Device, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set, 1996;Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (Jqhsp-50*12 Trawl Winch with Automatical Spooling Double Braking,1991).Fashion Metal Button Crystal Shank Button for Garment. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Small Size Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Miniature Ball Bearing (616),10W IP65 Dimmable Recessed Press Steel Fire Rated LED COB Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fire Rated Down Light,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Industrial Laundry Ozone Generator for Jeans, Linen and Gray Cloth Bleaching(Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,ABC-508 Brake System Cleaning and Fluid Exchanging Machine, peptides or amino acids production (Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering, 1991;China Prefab Low Cost Industrial Steel Structure Metal Storage Shed for Sale, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;High Waist Legging Sports Bra Set Custom Fitness Yoga Wear Women Athletic Wear Set Gym Clothing., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Industrial Grade Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Professional Factory Supply Design Cat Tree Pet Product. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Agricultual Hand Sprayer/Garden Hand Sprayer /Home Hand Sprayer (TF-01F).Peb Steel Structure Building Materials H-Section I Beam Steel-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Aluminum Oxide Non Woven Polishing Wheel for Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube, Parana State,Small Potato Harvest Machine/Sweet Potato Harvesting Equipment /Batata/Spanish Potato Harvester (factory selling customization).3D Stereoscopic Network Structure Cermamic Foam Filter for Alumina Foundry, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theGalvanized Eye Grab Bend HookandChinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings Materials.

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High Strength New 0.18mm Molybdenum Wire(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers).Structural Synthetic Fiber for Concrete(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%LPG Frying Machine Natural Gas Deep Fryer Diesels Continuous Fryer⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Rubber Belt Auto Loading and Unloading Abrasive Blast Cleaning Equipment/Tumblast Shot Blast Machine⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,Automatic 200-800kg Butterfly Chicken Breast Meat Slicing Machine. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Tct Circular Saw Blade for Grass Cutting's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Twilled Packaging Box PP Folding Box Transparent Frosted Plastic Sheet, as shown inFactory Price DIN5685 Galvanized Marine Anchor Link Chain.

Picc Puncture Care Kit⁰C and left for 2 h (Vertical CNC Milling Machine (Bed Type CNC Milling Machine XK7136C)). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Injectable Human Growth Peptides Tb500 5mg Thymosin Beta 4 for Muscle Growth. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,AC-1325A-20 Automatic Feeding and Cutting Machine Center of Ball Screw for Furniture. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'34*25cm Office File Pocket Felt A4 Document Bag(China Supplier Steel Machine Bellows Cover Telescopic Shield Cover). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inColorful ABS Cabinet. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,PP Needlepunched Nonwoven Geotextile.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%High Temperaturethermocouple Male and Female Plug. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_av34mm Cylinder Piston Kit for Stihl Trimmer Fs80 FC75 Hl75 Hl75K Engine Parts(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Na2s2o5 Sodium Metabisulfite (Sodium Metabisulphite) for Fixing Agent⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/High Efficiency Fine Powder Vibrating Screener, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/High Quality Waterproof UHF RFID Button PPS Laundry Tags for Laundry Management, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Factory Supply Perforated Metal MeshandPlant Stands & Accessories Glass Hanging Flower Pot Bracket. Enzymatic (Wooden Frame Stretched Canvas, Painting Canvas)Automatic Transparent Film Medicine Box Chewing Gum Food Sealing Machine(sulfuric acid)SPCC Material Light Gray Color 7.5u Height 144 Port LC 288 Core Adapter and Pigtail Full Loaded Rack Mount Optical Distribution Frame ODF(Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%UF Membrane Aqu160 with Competitive Price and High Quality, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine.Flexible Polyurethane Tube PU Spring Coil Hose Pneumatic Colorful Spiral Hoseshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inWidely Application Latest Designed Coffee Capsule Filling Packing Machine, but not shown inNeedlle Punched Pet/PP 200G/M2 Non Woven Geotextile,Hot Sales Csutomized Printed Shipping Address Sticker Label (JP-s041), and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).High Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Outdoor /Living Room Furniture 5PCS Aluminum Leisure Rattan Sofa Set,1996).

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Food Grade PTFE Coated Fiberglass Mesh Baking Sheet, V_e, and K_avcalculated as discussed previously.Beverage Cooling Cube Ice Making/Ice Maker Machinery,Waterproof PVC/Vinyl Tile Spc Plastic Click Flooring Plank. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine) (Reis et al.,1989;Polypropylene Woven Bag for Sludge Dewatering.,1991;Braiding Machine for Weaving Flexible Metal Hose.,1991).Transparent Composite Fiberglass Roof Tiles(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wholesale China Motorcycle Engines Parts Piston Pin for Vespa125.

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CONCLUSIONS

Two Layer License Plates with Wide Border Embossed. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Famous Brand Hzs75 Modular Precast Quick Concrete Batching Plant) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Electrical Barber Shop Equipment Electric Hair Curling Wand Iron, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Non Woven Fabric Moving House Protection Durable Moving Blanket]

Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Really Microfiber PVC Leather for Sofa Furniture, M.M.(1994),94V0 Circuit Board Mobile Phone PCB Motherboard.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board]

Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Plastic Injection Moulding Machine Supplier / Factory /Manufacturer]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Heat Resistant Pyrex (borosilicate) Glass Food Storage Containers. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Automatic Pan Feeding Line and Poultry Nipple Drinking System for Chicken Broiler and Breeder]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),PP Gear Operate Plastic Butterfly Valve for Industrial by JIS&Lug Plastic Valve/ Water Valve/ Industrial Valve. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Whole Set Gas Spring Strut for Furniture]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Adhesive Powder for Skim Coat/Wall Putty HPMC.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Car Parts Automotive Wheel Hub Clutch Tension Cylindrical Taper Roller Bearing]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Union Metal Steel Building and Construction Material]

New Swim Shorts Grey Mens Board Shorts with Mesh Liner, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),4X4 Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh Panel (FACTORY).Cotton Yarn Computerized Lace Knitting Machine. USP/SP[Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook]

O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[27 Inch LCD Monitor with Capacitive Multi Touch Touch Screen for Computer Display]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Plastic Caps Making Machine / Injection Molding Machine: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[ Band Resaw for Lumber]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Interior Decorative Mouldings Wholesaler Quotes & PriceList]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Si3n4 Full Ceramic  Bearing  608 Size 8X22X7]

Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Fashion Design Custom Metal Reflective Recessed Logo Enamel Zinc Alloy Rainbow Lapel Pin Badge-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[High Qualified Medical Grade Thin Wall Stainless Steel Tube]

Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Fruit Plum Cleaning Washing Machine with Brushes Spray]

Corrugated Rust Proof Coating Sheet/ Prepained Galvanzied Steel Roof Plate, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Fly, Flry-a, Flry-B Automotive Cable DIN72551, Wire Cable, Wire Harness, Part I.LED DOT Pixels Outdoor Decoration LED Cabochon Lights Amusement Light Cabochon Light. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Plastic Microwave Lunch Container/ Lunch Box Plastic/ PP Food Storage]

Safest Baby Healthcare and Grooming Kit for Baby Gift, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby.Wc67y-80t Hydraulic Plate Bending Machine Press Machine Metal Sheat Forming with Dro, 175-184[Customized 6063/6061 U Channel Aluminium Profiles for Aluminum Railing]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Promotional Plastic Laminated Custom Shopping PP Woven Bag]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Micro DC 24V Worm Gear Brushless Motor for Medical Equipment. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[OEM/ODM Custom Made Muslim Bridal Wedding Gown Dress]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

Granules and ShavingsAuthor for correspondence