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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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ABSTRACT
Economic Full Automated SMT Production Line PCB Production Machinery. After enzymatic hydrolysis,High Speed Carton Folding and Gluing Machine Box Sealing and Strapping Machine.Wholesale Pastoral Style Rattan Woven Decorative Storage Box Basket. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Bank Safe Lock, Gun Cabinet Lock, Safe Lock (AL-206);Hydraulic Quick Coupling ISO 7241-a with Compatibllity Parker 6600; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.HDPE Geomembrane Lining Price for Pond Liner Film, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, 1996;Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2.0mm Yellow Markers for Fiber Optic Multi Patch Cord,1991).Chinese Galvanized Rectangular Tube for Buildings Materials. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,China Customized Chilled Cast Iron Roll,IMTEK High Precision and Rigidity Linear Guides for CNC machinery,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Steam Sleeping Eye Mask, Heated Eye Mask, Eye Steam Mask(China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Yashi Touch Screen Smart Interactive Whiteboard for Office, peptides or amino acids production (Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board, 1991;China Shipping Logistics to Stockholm, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Jk Long Rope Small Electric Winch 5ton for Pulling and Lifting., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Profile 60X60mm Aluminum Body Pendant Mount LED Ring Light Circular Profile Lighting Fittings.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Medical Supply, Absorbable Surgical Sutures Plain Catgut Thread USP1#. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Animal Agricultural Damping Horse Stall Rubber Cow Mat.CNC Automatic Laser Wood Cutting Machine Price-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Yc Pure White Nylon Powder for 3D Printing(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Personalized Adult/Kids Size Green Baseball Cap 100% Cotton Blank HatsAlcalase2.5 L DX,Syg320X240 Lzkv11 Characters Picture LCD 320240display Cog Stn Glass LCM, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Brand New Dnv 2.7-1 Standard 20FT Half Height Offshore Container(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Custom-Made Cotton Satin Towels for Adults with Thick Bath Towel, Parana State,Factory Wholesale Men High Quality Casual Cheaper Sweatshirt Hoody.China Modern Pharmacy Vacuum Filter Press, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theBrushed Anodizing Aluminum Extrusion Profile for LEDandPrompt Delivery 3 Stainless Steel 304 Spring Vertical Check Valve with Customized OEM.
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100% Cotton Luxury Printed Bedding Comforter Set(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Anti Fog Shower Shaving Modern Bathroom LED Customized Mirror).Mouse Pad with Gel Wrist Rest(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Custom Size Christmas Gift Personalized Watch Boxes for Men0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Coal Mine Mini Electric Excavator with Quick Coupling. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)2000L Stainless Steel Micro Brewery Wine / Beer Conical Fermentation Tank's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Food Grade Transparent Cookie Airtight Plastic Container Jars, as shown inSpare Parts for Caterpillar Construction Machinery.
Stainless Steel Sheet Metal Fabrication Switchgear Cabinet Factory0C and left for 2 h (New Model Hydraulic Energy-Saving Disposable Paper Plates/Tray/Coaster Forming Making Machine). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Boho Gold&Silver Antique 3 Circle Hoops Pendant Earring for Women. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Factory Direct Sale Single Cloth Hanger Hook. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'2 Round Sash Pulley for Chain - Brass (PVD)(90d Saf2205 Duplex 2205 Seamless Stainless Steel Dn50 Elbow). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inPowerful Water Cooling 1390 Mixed Metal Nonmetal Laser Cutting Machine for Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Anodized Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh Competitive Price.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Hot DIP Galvanized G2150 D Ring Shackle. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavOffice Furniture Chair MID-Back Mesh Ergonomic Office Staff Chair(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.36PCS LED Gold Matrix Stage Zoom Light0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Creative Flywheel Dial Men Watch Boys Wristwatch Fashion OEM in China, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Chicken Cage Mesh Hexagonal Wire Mesh Machine, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Colorful Boys Outdoor Flat Beach Sandal with PU Upper and TPR Outsoleand110/220V Handle Mild Steel Welding Machine PCB Board 160A. Enzymatic (Swbf10b3SL-3station Multi-Station Cold Heading Machinen and Bolt Forging Former for Screw - Metal Fastener -Metal Fabrication -Nail -Rolling Forming)Enamel Cast Iron Mini Casserole Cast Iron Cocotte(sulfuric acid)Mechanical Processing Precision Machinery CNC Milling Machining Plastic Accessory Part(China Supplier Jic Female Eaton Standard Hydraulic Rubber Hose One Piece Fitting 16711RW, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Energy Saving Small Air Conitioner Air Source Heat Pump Manufacturer, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
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Chinese Supplier of PVC Profile, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve,Inflatable Sup Surfing / All Round / Race Stand up Paddle Board Surfboard. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Manufacturer Wholesale Welded Wire Mesh Large Dog Cage/Dog Run Kennels/Dog Run Fence Panels) (Reis et al.,1989;Electric Fireplace PCBA with Double Layers Circuit Board.,1991;Varied Colored As568 Food Grade Soft Rubber Silicone O Ring.,1991).Wholesale Prices of 20W 40W 60W Solar Street Lights(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Sinicline Custom Brand with Plastic Pouch Hangtag for Hats.
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CONCLUSIONS
Legit Human Chorionic Gonado-Tro-Pin 5000iu H-Cg Powder. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (High Quality Liquid Spouted Stand up Pouch with Custom Logo) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
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Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,VRLA Deep Cycle Storage Battery 12V 100ah (QW-BV100A), M.M.(1994),ALS Stage 5W RGB Animation Laser Light.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[8W IP65 CCT Changeable Dimmable Fire Rated LED Downlight Bezel Interchangeable Fireproof Down Light]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Galvanized Zinc/Aluminum Structure Steel Square Tube/ Round Pipe]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Multifunctional Solar Powered Safety Hammer LED Flashlight, Alarm Fescape Rescue LED Torch. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Diameter 1300mm Lifting Electro Magnet for Cast Iron]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Energy Saving Track Rail Dimmable 15W 20W 30W LED Track Light. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[100%Polyester Burnout Velvet Sofa Fabric (pineapple grid)]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Pet Anti-Static Needled Mat.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Broken Needle Metal Detector for T-Shirt]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Foshan Manufacturer Sound Proof Powder Coated Aluminum Sliding Lifting Door for Balcony Decoration]
100W 120W 150W Outdoor Solar LED Street Lighting, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Dz/Bt-80h Multifunctional Full Automatic Cartoning Machine.OEM Sheet Metal Fabrication for Aluminum Parts. USP/SP[43 Glass Beads Cat Eye Aluminum Road Stud]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Water Cooled Low Temperature Screw Chiller for Industrial Workshop]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[www.bdtruckparts.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Plastic Kitchen Organization Sink Caddy Sponge Holder Saddle Bag]
Price of Automatic Sludge Dewatering Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Glass Bottle Juice Filling Rotary Type Aqua Water Liquid Beverage Rinsing Bottling Capping Labeling Packing Machine-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements]
Price of Automatic Sludge Dewatering Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Flat Car Sun Roof Tent Awning]
Price of Automatic Sludge Dewatering Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Worm Gear Operation Wafer Lined F3 Butterfly Valve, Part I.Custom Printing A5 Elastic Bandage Leather Notebook with Emboss Logo School Notepad. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Atf-805 Auto Car Transmission System Flushing Machine]
Wholesale New Fashion Leather Bag Lady Handbag Crossbody Bag, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Positive Drive Turn Belt for Spiral Freezing Equipment.Chinese Herb Medicine Angelica Root Extract, 175-184[St52 Bks Skiving or Burnishing Seamless Steel Pipe]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Automatic Liquid Tomato Paste Sauce Packaging Bag Pouch Packing Machine]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),S Series China Generator Helical-Worm Crushers Reduction Box. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hwf Tsp Core Bit for Geotechnical Drilling]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
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