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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-Portable Telescopic Straw Metal Drinking Straw with Brush Case. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware
ABSTRACT
Etching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Quality Horizontal Flat Bed Metal CNC Turning Lathe Machine Price Ck6163.Lab Equipment Sr Paper Pulp Beating Freeness Test Machine. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;CREE COB Meanwell Driver Walkway Lamp 45W LED Canopy;Car Spare Parts Eco-Friendly Stitch Car Foot Mats for Newest Nissan Altima; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Popular Water Bike / Hydro Bike / Aqua Bike (SK-8001), about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, 1996;Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter,1991).Hot Sale Coral Fleece Hotel Bathrobe (DPFT8070). Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Nn/Ep/Rubber Conveyor Belt for Mine /Coal/Sand/Stone,Ladle Refining Melting Steel Furnace Casting Ladle,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Lishui Factory High Quality Metal Rolling Ball Screw(Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Y-Spring Threaded Check Valve, 800 Wog, peptides or amino acids production (OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part, 1991;Factory Custom Highly White Clear 750ml Tequila Liquor Glass Bottle, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Galvanized Eye Grab Bend Hook., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.Transparent LED Display P3.91 Glass Wall LED Screen.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Surgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone Saw. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Micro Small Plastic Product Injection Molding Making Machine.Glass Lifting Machine with Sucker for Glass Movements-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Anodized Gold Brush Finish Aluminum Sheet Coil(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
Popular Industrial Sewing Quilting Machine With COAlcalase2.5 L DX,Chinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace, with activity of 2.5 (Anson unity) and optimal activity at pH 8.5-9.5 (Nova Nordisk S/A-Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate); Biuret reagent (Bioclin-Quibasa); standard solution of protein mixture IV (12300-78000 Daltons-Merck); standard solution of 0.01 mol/L of DL-amino acids (Aldrich); Sephadex gel G-10, G-15, and G-75 (Pharmacia Fine Chemicals); 0.4% (m/v) solution of blue dextran (Sigma); 0.2% (m/v) solution of ninhydrin (Sigma) dissolved in acetone; 0.02%(m/v)Pure Sine Wave Power Frequency Inverter(Aldrich); 0.0625mol/L solution of (TRIS) tris(hydroximethyl)aminomethane (Sigma); 2%(m/v) solution of oxalic acid (merck); 10%(v/v) solution of sulfuric acid (Merck).
Sample collection and preparation
Copy Paper Writing Paper Newspaper Toilet Paper Tissue Paper Kraft Paper A3A4 Paper Corrugated Paper Facial Paper White Board Paper Wrapping Paper Machine, Parana State,Frameless Sliding Shower Enclosure in Bathroom with 8mm Clear Glass and Stainless Steel Hardware.Colorful 100% Cotton Hotel Face Towels, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theWholesale Classical Garment Accessories Jeans Button Metal Shank ButtonandEtching Rear Trunk Sill Plates for Hyundai Tucson.
Surgical Power Tool Medical Care Orthopedic Mini Bone Saw
High Quality Electric Folding or Curving Bender 3D CNC Hydraulic Bneder Automatic Pipe Bending Machine Used for Furniture and Chairs (GM-SB-76CNC-2A-1S)(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting).33kv Dry Type Resin Casted Distribution Transformer(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Huaxia PAR56 Color Changing Swimming Pool Light Bulb LED Fixture Pool Used E27 Compatible with E26 with Remote Control Hx-PAR56-E270C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Economic and Reliable P32 Hydraulic Hose Crimping Machine Italy with SGS Certificate0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Size 000 Clear Pullulan Vegetarian Capsules. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Sinicline 2018 Hot Sell Custom Printing Thank You Cards's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Black Red Open Net Spandex Nylon Sexy Lingerie, as shown inASTM 304 304L Stainless Steel Sheet with Best Prices and High Quality.
7W Aluminum Waterproof LED Lawn Light Use for Garden Lighting0C and left for 2 h (1.6 Ton Hand Lifting Tool Lever Chain Block). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Jforall Liquid Water Oil Tank Pipe High Accuracy Side Top Mount Level Monitor Switch Capacitive Sensor. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,LED Emergency Exit Lights. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Dn40 ISO Awwa ASME Remote Control Pneumatic Cast Iron Steel SS304 SS316 Center Line Wafer Butterfly Valve(3.0kw Spindle CNC Router with Certificate for Woodworking). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inAutomatic Wire Harness Belt Tying Machine. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,25ton LPG Tank Trailer LPG Semi Trailer LPG Gas Tank for Zimbabwe.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Column Type Pave Rubber Tile Making Machine-Vulcanizing Press Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavHot Sales in Amazon Store 18V Cordless Drill Vertical Battery Pack for Home Work DIY(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.Self Adhesive Paper Stickers 13.56MHz NFC Anti-Theft Security RFID Label Tags for Alcoholic0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Leisure Men′s Waterproof Strap Light Cross Body Anti-Theft Chest Bag, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Wholesale Aluminum Touring Pre-Rig Lighting Truss with Wheels, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Indoor Decorative 3D Vision Artistic Effect Wall/Ceiling Background LED Paneland43 Meters Truck-Mounted Boom Pump/Pump Truck/Concrete Pump. Enzymatic (Aluminum Adjustable Quick Assemble Stage with Steps)Hardware CNC Machinery Milling Part(sulfuric acid)Customized 8 Layers Round LED Panel Aluminum PCB for LED Light(Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Basic Style Buffalo Leather Safety Shoes Ce Certificate S3 (SN1388), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Basic Style Buffalo Leather Safety Shoes Ce Certificate S3 (SN1388), flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
Gamicos Wireless Diesel Fuel Fuel Oil Water Tank Level Gauge.Q35y-30 Ironworker Shearing and Punching Machine Ce Approved Q35y Hydraulic Ironshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Stainless Steel Ss304 Sanitary Hoop Union (ACE-HJ-G3)(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inChinese Manufacturer Provide First-Class Service for Non Stretch/Elastic Allover Lace, but not shown in10kv Electrical Power Transmission Galvanized Steel Tubular Mono Pole Tower,Resistant Flame Retardant Fiberglass Cloth Aluminum Foil Tape, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Linear Guideway for CNC Machine as Components. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fertilizer Granulator Machine, Compound Fertilizer & Organic Fertilizer Granulator, Machine for Making,1996).
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High Quality Aluminum Heat Sink for Electronics Computer ElectricandFactory Good Quality Coral Fleece Children′s Bathrobes Kids Hooded Bathrobes Wholesaleshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Yute High Tensile Flexible 10mm Fuel Hose for Generator Parts.40ton Double Girder Low-Headroom European Electric Wire Rope Hoist/Winch (BMG-40122mm5), and another peak at 45 mL not shown inLadies Handbag Straw Bag Promotion Crossbody Bag New Fashion Bag Women Leisure Shoulder Bag, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.Countersunk Head Self Drilling Screw Color Zinc Plated DIN7504r(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Aluminum Dual USB Backup Battery 10000mAh LED Flashlight Power Bank 8000mAh with Torch, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.LED Stadium Light High-Mast Outdoor Lighting SMD Sport Lamp Playground Gym Square Football Basketball 300W,External Retaining Ring for Shaft, DIN471, D1400. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Luxury Aluminum Candy Jar with Screw Lid (PPC-AC-042)) (Reis et al.,1989;OEM CNC Processing Precision Plating/Anodizing/Painting Black Machining Part.,1991;Double Roller Rotary Wood Peeling Machine with CE for Sale.,1991).Good Use Kitchen Stainless Steel Spiral Scrubbing Scourer / Pot Scrubber(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Wire Coated by Rare-Earth Zn-Al Alloy/Rare Earth Zinc Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel Wire Strand.
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CONCLUSIONS
Rotary Vibrating Screen/Sieve/Sifter/Griddle Machine. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Alloy 6061 T4 T6 T651 Aluminum / Aluminium Plate) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
PTZ Camera Two-Way Audio Baby Monitor Simple Easy to Operate, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Double Screw Extruder For Pvc Foam Sheet]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Custom Rubber Product Seal O-Ring /NBR70 O Ring, M.M.(1994),Fully Automatic Dust Face Mask Making Machine with Ultrasonic.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Snsc Fd30 Side Shift New Diesel Forklift 3ton]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Glass Mix Stone Mosaic Tiles]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-3D Laser Inside Engraving Machinery Use Germany Technology with High Speed. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Palet Coil Nail Welding Machine/Nail Making Machine]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Muslim Hijab/Islamic Scarf Fashion Hijab Muslim Scarf. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Fashion Birthday Gift 18K Gold Plated Jewellery 925 Sterling Silver Custom Name Plate Bracelet for Women Men Baby]
Heidemann, E.(1997),460ml Glassware/Wine /Alcohol/Spirits/Glass Vodka Bottle.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Beauty Salon Towel Suppliers for Sale]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[New Design Inflatable Water Playground Amusement Park with Water Slide Pool]
New Cisco Aironet 3700 Series Wireless Access Point Air-Cap3702e-B-K9, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),Ladies Handbag Straw Bag Promotion Crossbody Bag New Fashion Bag Women Leisure Shoulder Bag.New Style Welded Tube Fittings Metric Male O-Ring Tee Stainless Steel Tube Joints. USP/SP[Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[Car Badge Custom Emblem Auto Logo Sign for Advertising]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-DIN 7337 Aluminium Core Pulling Stainless Steel Rivet: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[5in1 USB Type C Hub HDMI 4K USB C Hub to Ethernet RJ45 LAN Adapter]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Medicine Grade Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts]
Professional Bb Trumpet (ATR6506), M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Precision Stainless Steel Lost Wax Investment Casting Parts for Agricultural Machines-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[China Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer]
Professional Bb Trumpet (ATR6506),M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Food Grade Material 304/316 Double Diaphragm Pumps]
Professional Bb Trumpet (ATR6506), M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:3.5ton Chinese Engine Gasoline Forklift (FG35T), Part I.Disposable Environmental Biodegradable Takeaway Box Fruit Salad Box with Cover. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp]
Hot Sale Leapers Utg Sportsman Tactical Scenario Vestle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Waterproof Covering Material Interior Wall Composite Panel.Tall/Large Cube Glass Terrarium Planter Gift Card Holder, 175-184[Inox Vacuum Tube Solar Water Heater with Ce Certification]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[PE Film Self Adhesive Bitumen Waterproof Membrane/ Roofing Material]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Venlo Type Flower Multi Span Commercial Glass Greenhouses Used. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Manual Foot Pedal Hydraulic Pump]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
Automatic Professional LED Display Ceramic Hair Curling IronAuthor for correspondence